Know better. Do better.

Living in a hot country can be pretty hellish when the thermometer soars – or even fatal if you don't have effective ways to stay cool.

Here in Barcelona, those who can afford it flee the summer heat for the sea or the mountains, turning the city into a ghost town in August. I've so far resisted putting in air-conditioning and managed to get by (uncomfortably) with a fan and other low-tech heatwave hacks. But I've also lived in Tokyo where the humidity makes it impossible to function in the rainy season without air conditioning.

After the massive 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Japan that knocked out the Fukushima nuclear plant and sparked a shutdown of all nuclear power stations, the government asked citizens to economise on energy use, including by not switching on their air conditioners. That policy led to more than 7,700 deaths each year from 2011-2015, mostly among older people, new research reveals.

"Climate change is already upon us and encouraging less use of air-conditioning or other means of adapting to extreme temperatures can kill people living right now," warns Guojun He, an associate professor at the University of Hong Kong who worked on the study.

Rather than imposing energy austerity, the solution, He says, is for decision-makers to ensure that people have energy-efficient cooling equipment and a plentiful supply of electricity from renewable sources, not fossil fuels.

In all parts of our warming world, ordinary folk are facing tougher choices about the energy they use - whether for cooling, heating, cooking or lighting.

Sometimes it comes down to cost, as fossil-fuel price spikes have pushed up bills, and sometimes it's about health, as seen in the debate raging over indoor pollution and gas stoves in the United States. In many places, governments are also looking to cut their planet-heating emissions.

Whatever the motivation, U.S. cities from Chicago to Denver are working to electrify more buildings (which account for 10% of all U.S. emissions), with new federal money expected to start flowing to their efforts in the coming months, reports our correspondent Carey L. Biron.

But they are running up against challenges, with concerns - also heard in Europe - over whether poorer people, especially renters, will get left out as tax and other incentives are captured by the wealthy. A lack of skilled installers is also slamming the brakes on efforts to expand cleaner alternatives like heat pumps.

"The massive cost of complying with electrification mandates raises legitimate concerns about the amount of housing that can be built and maintained affordably,” warns Alex Rossello, who works for the Apartment and Office Building Association of Metropolitan Washington lobby group.

In rural parts of India, meanwhile, rising heat is causing other problems - from turning camel milk sour to causing dangerous working conditions on sugarcane plantations.

Droughts followed by floods are denting sugarcane yields and profits in Maharashtra state, pushing labourers to cut cane for up to 14 hours a day after abandoning their own farms due to erratic weather and then struggling to pay back debts to contractors who got them the back-breaking plantation jobs.

But it's a different story for camel herders in western India's Thar Desert, where renewable energy in the form of solar-powered chillers is keeping their milk fresh so it can be sold to a local dairy - and preserving their incomes and way of life too.

"There was a time when we had lost hope on maintaining our camels - but today they are uniting our families and holding back our youths from migrating out," says one herder in Nokh village.

See you next week,

Megan