We've The Prison Policy Initiative has added 22 new reports to the Research Library:

Community Impact

• Crime Survivors Speak: National Survey of Victims' Views on Safety and Justice by Alliance for Safety and Justice, September, 2022
  "According to the Survey, only 1 in 4 victims found the justice system helpful in providing information about recovering from crime or referrals for support services."
• A community response approach to mental health and substance abuse crises reduced crime by Thomas S. Dee and James Pyne, June, 2022
  "We find that the program led to large and sustained reductions in reports of STAR-related offenses (disorderly conduct, substance use) in treated precincts, while unrelated offenses over the treatment period changed little in those same police precincts."

Conditions of Confinement

• Provision of Air Conditioning and Heat-Related Mortality in Texas Prisons by Julianna Skarha et al, November, 2022
  "We found that 13% of mortality during warm months may be attributable to extreme heat in prisons without air conditioning in Texas. This is approximately a 30-fold increase in heat-attributed deaths when compared with estimates in the US population."
• Voices from Within the Federal Bureau of Prisons: A System Designed to Silence and Dehumanize by More than Our Crimes and Washington Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights and Urban Affairs, September, 2022
  "We hope these stories provoke deep thinking about what is going on behind all those fortress walls, to these invisible fellow Americans, and then compel you to demand both accountability for the FBOP and change in how we incarcerate in this country."
• Prison Labor in Arizona: A year-long investigationPaywall :( by Arizona Republic and KJZZ News, July, 2022
  "The Republic's and KJZZ's five-part series reveals the detrimental effects of what happens when a state exploits some of its poorest people for their labor."

Disability

• Effective Communication with Deaf, Hard of Hearing, Blind, and Low Vision Incarcerated People by Tessa Bialek and Margo Schlanger, July, 2022
  "There is not a one-size-fits-all solution for prisoners with communication disabilities...policies and practices should acknowledge that they may be differently and/or multiply disabled in ways that affect their abilities and needs."

Economics of Incarceration

• Electronic Monitoring Fees: A 50-State Survey of the Costs Assessed to People on E-Supervision by Fines and Fees Justice Center, September, 2022
  "Broad language in state statutes and rules often gives local governments considerable latitude in determining how much to charge. From a limited review of 31 local jurisdictions with EM programs, fees ranged from less than $1 a day up to $40 per day"

General

• Criminal Justice Through Management: From Police, Prosecutors, Courts, and Prisons to a Modern Administrative Agency by Edward L. Rubin and Malcolm M. Feeley, September, 2022
  "We recommend that the criminal justice system of each state be redesigned and restructured as a single administrative agency...We offer this as a standard for assessment of the present system, a way to highlight dysfunction and suggest much-needed reform."

Health impact

• Incarceration status and cancer mortality: A population-based study by Oluwadamilola T. Oladeru et al, September, 2022
  "Incarcerated individuals were diagnosed with cancer at a distant stage more frequently compared to those recently released or never incarcerated."

Incarceration Rates Growth Causes

• Justice System Disparities: Black-White National Imprisonment Trends, 2000 to 2020 by Council on Criminal Justice, September, 2022
  "Faster growth in the nation's Black adult resident population contributed more to its respective imprisonment rate decline than did the White adult resident population growth."

Jails

• There Are Better Solutions: An Analysis of Fulton County [Georgia]'s Jail Population Data, 2022 by American Civil Liberties Union, October, 2022
  "The county's failure to account for ability to pay bail, confinement of people charged only with misdemeanors, failure to timely indict people, and failure to fully utilize diversion programs has led to population levels above capacity at the jail."
• Voting From Jail (Working Paper) by Anna Harvey and Orion Taylor, October, 2022
  "Registered voters booked into county jails for the full duration of 2020 voting days were on average 46% less likely to vote in 2020, relative to registered voters booked into the same jails within 7-42 days after Election Day."

Police and Policing

• Reducing Deaths in Law Enforcement Custody: Identifying High-Priority Needs for the Criminal Justice System by Duren Banks et al, October, 2022
  "[Interview and virtual group] Participants concurred that there is currently insufficient data to study the effectiveness of any policies or programs designed to reduce law enforcement-related deaths."
• Exceptionally Lethal: American Police Killings in a Comparative Perspective by Paul J. Hirschfield, September, 2022
  "Cross-national comparative analyses can help identify stable and malleable factors that distinguish high-FPV (fatal police violence) from low-FPV countries."
• Fulfilling the Promise of Public Safety: Some Lessons from Recent Research by Ben Struhl and Alexander Gard-Murray, Univ. of Pennsylvania Crime and Justice Policy Lab, June, 2022
  "Countries with much more robust social service provision still have police forces 80-85% the size of American forces. The public safety challenge is sufficiently complex that [we] should all consider multiple kinds of responses."
• Reforming the police through procedural justice training: A multicity randomized trial at crime hot spots by David Weisburd et al, January, 2022
  "Intensive training in procedural justice (PJ) can lead to more procedurally just behavior and less disrespectful treatment of people [by police officers] at high-crime places."

Poverty and wealth

• Justice by Geography: The Role of Monetary Sanctions Across Communities by Gabriela Kirk et al, January, 2022
  "Our finding that acquaintanceship density influences both the role and nature of monetary sanctions provides a fuller picture of the factors that lead to varying local legal cultures surrounding monetary sanctions."

Pretrial Detention

• Obscuring the Truth: How Misinformation is Skewing the Conversation about Pretrial Justice Reforms in Illinois by End Money Bond, October, 2022
  "By detailing how misinformation shaped the public debate of pretrial justice reforms in Cook County, we hope to arm journalists with the resources needed to cover the statewide reforms included in the Pretrial Fairness Act."
• Cages Without Bars: Pretrial Electronic Monitoring Across the United States by Patrice James et al, September, 2022
  "Rather than serve as an alternative to physical confinement, electronic monitoring expands mass incarceration -- operating as a digital form of imprisonment and often leading people back into physical jails and prisons for minor technical violations." The harms caused by EM to people and communities are so great that EM cannot be "reformed" or adapted into a practice that is not still no longer fundamentally carceral, punitive, and harmful. The goal must be to end its use.
• Rethinking Electronic Monitoring: A Harm Reduction Guide by American Civil Liberties Union, September, 2022
  "Rather than serve as an alternative to physical confinement, EM expands mass incarceration -- operating as a digital form of imprisonment and often leading people back into physical jails and prisons for minor technical violations."

Public Opinion

• Conceptualizing and Measuring Public Stigma Toward People With Prison Records Paywall :( by Luzi Shi et al, July, 2022
  "Results show that [public stigma] is positively related to support for disenfranchisement and punitive policies and negatively related to support for rehabilitative policies."

Race and ethnicity

• Race and Wrongful Convictions in the United States, 2022 by National Registry of Exonerations, September, 2022
  "Innocent Black people are 19 times more likely to be convicted of drug crimes than innocent whites--a much larger disparity than we see for murder and rape-- despite the fact that white and Black Americans use illegal drugs at similar rates."