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**SEPTEMBER 16, 2022**
Kuttner on TAP
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**** Connecting National Security to Economic Security
President Biden toughens America's stance toward China's designs on
U.S. technologies.
President Biden, in keeping with his administration's moves toward a
more proactive industrial policy and his resistance to China's
predatory trade moves, has issued an order
dramatically expanding transactions that are to be blocked by the
interagency Committee on Foreign Investment in the U.S. (CFIUS).
Biden's new order directs CFIUS to block proposed transactions that
would give a foreign power access to critical cutting-edge technologies.
Biden's order specifically flags as criteria for CFIUS action
transactions that could affect the resilience of critical supply chains;
ones that affect national security or technology; and cybersecurity or
personal privacy risks.
The order explicitly mentions "microelectronics, artificial
intelligence, biotechnology and biomanufacturing, quantum computing,
advanced clean energy, and climate adaptation technologies," according
to a summary released by the White House. Though the order discreetly
does not mention China by name, these just happen to be priority areas
under the Made in China 2025 initiative launched in 2015 by President Xi
Jinping.
In unveiling the order, a White House briefer took pains to point out
that the U.S. generally welcomes foreign investment, but not from
countries that take advantage of America's open investment system for
their own national-security priorities in ways that are harmful to our
national interest and values. This also means ... guess who.
Biden's order is the first major toughening of CFIUS by presidential
directive since the committee was created in 1975 during the Ford
administration. In the past, CFIUS has blocked mainly foreign purchases
of entire corporations, usually when they involved technologies with
explicit military or intelligence uses.
This order defines strategic technologies much more broadly in terms of
America's economic well-being. And it covers partial foreign
investments in American companies as well as controlling interest, aimed
at Chinese venture capital investments in the tech sector.
As a shift away from the long-standing premise that market forces should
determine trade and capital flows, the Biden order is a breathtaking
reversal. Then again, Chinese trade and investments are anything but a
reflection of market forces. It took the Biden administration to
acknowledge that reality (which was hidden in plain view) and act
accordingly.
Economic nationalism is one of those phrases that gets tossed around by
the usual suspects, as an epithet. It's clear that there is indeed
such a thing as the national economic interest-and if we don't
define it, our adversaries will.
~ ROBERT KUTTNER
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