After three days of negotiations, the leaders of the European Union’s twenty-eight member states reached a deal (FT) to nominate International Monetary Fund chief Christine Lagarde to be the next president of the European Central Bank and German Defense Minister Ursula von der Leyen to lead the European Commission, the EU’s primary executive body.
 
The European Parliament, which elected its own president (DW) today, must still vote on von der Leyen’s nomination. It must also sign off on Lagarde’s nomination and picks for European Council president and EU foreign policy chief. It would mark the first time the bloc’s top two policymakers (Guardian) are women. The nominees in this deal are seen as consensus builders as the bloc has faced fragmentation (Economist) over issues such as refugee policy and global trade tensions.

Chinese authorities are installing an app on the phones of people entering the Xinjiang region from Central Asia that searches for references to religion or violence and records content, according to a new report by five media organizations.
 
China: The country plans to allow majority foreign ownership (FT) of Chinese securities firms by next year, Premier Li Keqiang said yesterday. The move would be a year earlier than previously planned.

The International Monetary Fund is set to decide today (WSJ) whether to approve a $6 billion bailout to Pakistan that was agreed to in May. Islamabad has pledged spending cuts and tax increases, and it hiked natural gas prices (Reuters) earlier this week.
 
In Foreign Affairs, Madiha Afzal traces how Pakistani Prime Minister Imran Khan has failed to deliver on campaign promises of economic reform.

The United Arab Emirates, part of the Saudi-led coalition fighting Houthi forces, has reportedly pulled tanks, helicopters, and hundreds of troops out of Yemen (WSJ) in recent weeks. Emirati officials declined to comment on the reported drawdown, which Western officials said is a response to rising U.S.-Iranian tensions and growing opposition in Washington to U.S. support for the Saudi-led coalition.
 
Libya: More than forty people were killed in an air raid on a migrant detention center (Al Jazeera) in a Tripoli suburb yesterday, health officials said. The internationally recognized government blamed the attack on forces loyal to renegade General Khalifa Haftar.

The U.S. delegation met with government officials and activists to call for dialogue to resolve the separatist conflict (VOA) in the country’s English-speaking regions. Nearly two thousand people have been killed in the conflict and hundreds of thousands displaced.
 
Somalia: The United States has reinstated some military aid (Reuters) to Somali government forces that was suspended in late 2017 after officials were unable to account for spending.

The social media giant was fined $2.3 million for failing to meet transparency requirements. German authorities said Facebook did not disclose the actual number of hate speech complaints (AP) it received in its report for the first half of 2018.
 
This CFR Backgrounder looks at countries’ different approaches to regulating hate speech on social media.

The country detained more than twenty-nine thousand undocumented migrants in June, a 23 percent increase (Bloomberg) from a month earlier and more than triple the number detained in June 2018, according to federal statistics. In May, U.S. President Donald J. Trump threatened to raise tariffs on Mexico if it didn’t curb unauthorized immigration to the United States.
 
Brazil: A panel of Brazilian senators recommended murder charges (Reuters) for fifteen people from the mining company Vale, including several executives, over a dam collapse that killed more than two hundred people in January.

The administration ceased efforts to include a citizenship question (NYT) on the 2020 census, ordering yesterday that census forms be printed without the question. Last week, the Supreme Court rejected the administration’s request to include such a question.