Council on Foreign Relations
Daily News Brief
March 16, 2022
Top of the Agenda
Russia Steps Up Attacks on Kyiv Suburbs as Refugee Count Reaches Three Million
Russia escalated its bombings (AP) of Kyiv’s suburbs, where twelve towns reportedly now lack water and six lack heat, a Ukrainian official said. The United Nations calculated that three million people have fled the war in Ukraine.
 
Leaders of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) countries plan to hold an emergency summit (AFP) in Brussels next week, with U.S. President Joe Biden set to attend. As Russia and Ukraine continue to discuss a possible cease-fire, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy said today that the talks are beginning to “sound more realistic” (FT). Zelenskyy will address the U.S. Congress this morning, and Biden is expected to announce $800 million in new U.S. military assistance for Ukraine.
Analysis
“In shocking [the United States and its allies] out of their complacency, [Russian President Vladimir Putin] has given them a historic opportunity to regroup and reload for an era of intense competition—not just with Russia but also with China—and, ultimately, to rebuild an international order that just recently looked to be headed for collapse,” the American Enterprise Institute’s Michael Beckley and Hal Brands write for Foreign Affairs.
 
“Every death, every casualty, every displaced person during war is a tragedy no matter where it takes place, and extraordinary efforts to help Ukrainian refugees show how Western governments can better welcome those fleeing conflict elsewhere,” the International Crisis Group’s Comfort Ero tweets.
 
CFR provides analysis, explainers, podcasts, and more on the war in Ukraine.

Pacific Rim
Australia to Boost Refining of Rare Earth Metals to Reduce Dependence on China
The Australian government is due to announce (ABC) more than $170 million in funding for refining the minerals used in batteries and renewable energy projects. Such refining is currently dominated by China.
 
North Korea: The country fired an unidentified projectile (Yonhap) that apparently failed shortly after liftoff, South Korea’s military said.

South and Central Asia
UN: Violence Following Myanmar’s Coup Could Be Crimes Against Humanity
A new UN report alleges (UN News) that Myanmar’s military and security forces committed crimes such as mass killings, sexual violence, arbitrary detention, and torture against the public following the February 2021 coup.
 
This Backgrounder looks at Myanmar’s troubled history, including the aftermath of the coup.
 
Afghanistan: Twenty-three million people in Afghanistan are experiencing acute hunger (UN News), up from fourteen million people in July, the UN humanitarian coordinator for the country said.

Middle East and North Africa
Iran Frees British-Iranian Charity Worker From Detention After Six Years
Iran had accused Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe of plotting to overthrow the government, a charge she denied. Another British-Iranian, Anoosheh Ashoori, was also released (BBC) after being jailed since 2017.
 
China/Saudi Arabia: The countries have accelerated talks for Saudi Arabia to begin pricing some of its oil sales to China in yuan rather than in dollars, the Wall Street Journal reported.

Sub-Saharan Africa
Nigeria Experiences Blackouts Amid Fuel Shortages
More than a dozen gas-fired power plants paused operations or ran at limited capacity (Bloomberg) in the past two months, Nigeria’s state-owned transmission company said. Electric companies blamed poor transmission infrastructure and underpayment for their power.
 
South Sudan: The UN Security Council voted to extend its peacekeeping mission (AFP) in South Sudan for another year. The mission is one of the United Nations’ most expensive, costing more than $1 billion annually.
 
This Backgrounder looks at the role of peacekeeping in Africa.

Europe
First Russian Bond Payment Since Sanctions Avalanche Is Due
Russia is due to pay $117 million (FT) in interest on dollar-denominated bonds today. Russia could experience its first default since 1998 (WSJ) if it tries to pay in rubles or if creditors can’t access the payments due to sanctions.
 
At this event, CFR’s John B. Bellinger III, Sebastian Mallaby, and Nina Khrushcheva discuss the free fall of Russia’s economy.

Americas
U.S., Costa Rica to Cooperate on Strengthening Border Control
Costa Rican President Carlos Alvarado Quesada met with U.S. Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas (Reuters) after Costa Rica, Mexico, and Panama established new visa requirements for Cuban and Venezuelan migrants.
 
Guatemala: The country’s Congress shelved a bill (NYT) that would ban same-sex marriage and raise jail sentences for abortion to up to ten years. President Alejandro Giammattei said he would veto the bill after his allies pushed it through the legislature.

United States
Fed Nominee Withdraws After Objections to Her Climate Stance
Sarah Bloom Raskin’s nomination to the Federal Reserve Board of Governors was broadly supported by former central bank officials and the financial industry but opposed by the oil and gas industry (Politico) due to her support for using central banking tools to fight climate change. President Biden said Raskin experienced “baseless attacks from industry and conservative interest groups.”
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