[The biggest city in the US is joining a voting reform movement.]
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NEW YORK CITY ADOPTS RANKED-CHOICE VOTING, A MAJOR MILESTONE FOR THE
REFORM  
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Li Zhou
November 5, 2019
Vox
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_ The biggest city in the US is joining a voting reform movement. _

Voters on the Upper West Side in New York City on November 6, 2018. A
ballot measure will give New York City residents a chance to institute
ranked choice voting in primaries and special elections., Michael
Brochstein/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images

 

New York City has become the latest — and most populous — city to
adopt ranked-choice voting
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a major milestone for voting reform efforts.

Voters in the city overwhelmingly approved Ballot Question 1 
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Tuesday, enabling voters to begin using ranked-choice voting in local
primary and special elections beginning in 2021.

New York City joins 20 other cities around the country, as well as
multiple states, that have already started using this method in
various elections. Maine, notably, implemented ranked-choice voting
for the first time in a federal election in 2018.

Ranked-choice voting works much like its name suggests. Instead of
picking just one candidate on the ballot, voters rank their top five
in order of preference.

Once those votes are cast, they are counted in the following way, Lee
Drutman explains:
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Ranked-choice voting lets voters mark their first-choice candidate
first, their second-choice candidate second, their third-choice
candidate third, and so on. Each voter has only one vote but can
indicate their backup choices: If one candidate has an outright
majority of first-place rankings, that candidate wins, just like a
traditional election.

But if no candidate has a majority in the first round, the candidate
in last place is eliminated. Voters who had ranked that candidate
first have their votes transferred to the candidate they ranked
second. This process continues until a single candidate gathers a
majority.

Advocates of ranked-choice voting argue that it has many benefits.
Because candidates need broad-based support to win, they are forced to
engage with a wide range of voters, including groups that do not
always see outreach from political campaigns. Additionally, studies
have found that ranked-choice voting increases the number of minority
and women candidates who vie for elected office, partly because
ranked-choice campaigning is less negative.

In addition to shifting the nature of campaigns, ranked-choice voting
also gives voters more freedom to consider the full slate of
candidates. Because of the way that votes are tallied, an individual
could feel free to pick their favorite option without worrying that in
doing so they are acting as a “spoiler” who contributes to the
victory of an unfavorable or unpopular candidate.

Opponents of ranked-choice voting argue that it complicates the
process too much, both when it comes to voting and tabulating results.

Overall, New York City’s decision to adopt the ballot measure —
though it will only affect a specific set of races — will serve as a
good test case for ranked-choice voting, and it signals growing
momentum for this voting reform.

_Li Zhou is a Politics and Policy Reporter for Vox_

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