Council on Foreign Relations
Daily News Brief
December 20, 2021
Top of the Agenda
Leftist Former Student Leader Wins Chile’s Presidential Election
Gabriel Boric Font defeated far-right Jose Antonio Kast Rist (Al Jazeera) in yesterday’s election, securing 56 percent of votes compared to Kast’s 44 percent. The election saw the highest turnout since voting stopped being mandatory in 2012. At thirty-five years old, Boric will become Chile’s youngest president in two centuries (FT). He gained prominence during student protests a decade ago and, amid demonstrations that roiled the country in 2019, backed a constitutional rewrite that is now underway.
 
Boric has pledged to reduce inequality (NYT) and steer Chile’s economy in a greener direction. Outgoing conservative President Sebastian Pinera held a call with Boric to offer support, and Boric promised to be “the president of all Chileans” in a televised appearance with Pinera. 
Analysis
“It’s impossible not to be impressed by the historic turnout, the willingness of Kast to concede and congratulate his opponent even before final results were in, and the generous words of President Pinera,” the Wilson Center’s Cynthia A. Arnson tells Al Jazeera. “Chilean democracy won today, for sure.”
 
“In the run-up to the election, both Boric and Kast have tacked to the center. And the almost evenly divided legislature, not to mention the possible introduction of a new constitution, could circumscribe the policies either man will be able to pursue as president,” CFR’s Paul J. Angelo writes for Foreign Affairs.

Pacific Rim
Hong Kong to Weigh Reintroduction of Controversial Security Law Following Elections
Yesterday’s elections saw record-low voter turnout after an electoral overhaul by Beijing. Hong Kong leader Carrie Lam said the newly elected legislature should present proposals (Bloomberg) by June on enacting security legislation that prompted mass protests in 2003.
 
China: Tennis star Peng Shuai, who posted on social media last month that a former Chinese Community Party official pressured her into having sex, told a Singaporean newspaper that she had never alleged sexual assault (NYT).
 
CFR’s Jerome A. Cohen discusses how Beijing silences its critics.

South and Central Asia
Coalition of Muslim-Majority Nations Plans New Fund for Afghanistan
The Organization of Islamic Cooperation announced plans to open the fund (TOLOnews) through the Islamic Development Bank by the first quarter of 2022.
 
India: The World Health Organization issued emergency authorization (Reuters) for the Serum Institute of India’s version of the Novavax COVID-19 vaccine, greenlighting shipments of the vaccine under the COVAX vaccine distribution program.

Middle East and North Africa
Pentagon Documents Reveal Systemic Undercounting of Civilian Deaths From U.S. Air Strikes
A New York Times investigation of the Pentagon’s records on U.S. air strikes in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Syria found that hundreds of civilian deaths have gone uncounted since 2014 and that air strikes have been marked by “deeply flawed intelligence” and “rushed and often imprecise targeting.”
 
For Foreign Affairs, Audrey Kurth Cronin argues that the United States needs to rethink the way it uses drone strikes.
 
Yemen: Data suggests that Saudi Arabia used spyware from the Israeli company NSO Group to target the phone of a UN investigator probing possible war crimes by the Saudi-led coalition in Yemen, the Guardian reported.
This Day in History: December 20, 1989
Under Operation Just Cause, the United States invades Panama to depose and capture military dictator Manuel Noriega on U.S. drug-trafficking charges and to protect U.S. citizens and democracy in Panama. Noriega surrenders on January 3, 1990.

Sub-Saharan Africa
Hundreds of Thousands Protest in Sudan on Anniversary of Popular Uprising
Yesterday’s rallies marked three years (AFP) since the start of protests that ousted President Omar al-Bashir. Protesters are now calling for General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, who led a coup in October, to step down.
 
CFR’s Michelle Gavin lays out what to know about the crisis in Sudan.
 
Tanzania: The country is stepping up diplomacy (East African) to improve its economic ties with Kenya and Uganda, which are currently engaged in a trade war.

Europe
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky Meets With Lithuanian, Polish Leaders
The meeting today (Presidency of Ukraine) comes after Ukraine pressed Western leaders for reassurances of support as tensions with Russia intensified last week. Lithuania has also called for a stronger Western response (France24).
 
United Kingdom (UK): Prime Minister Boris Johnson appointed Foreign Secretary Liz Truss (Bloomberg) to take over post-Brexit negotiations after former Brexit minister and one-time Johnson confidant David Frost resigned.

Americas
British Court to Rule on Venezuelan Gold Held by Bank of England
The UK’s Supreme Court is expected to rule today (MercoPress) on whether to hand some $1 billion worth of gold over to Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro or to opposition leader Juan Guaido, who says he is Venezuela’s rightful president.

United States
Senator Manchin Says He Will Not Support Climate, Social-Spending Bill
Senator Joe Manchin (D-WV) told Fox News he will reject (CNN) the Build Back Better Act. The White House said Manchin’s comments were “at odds” with his discussions with President Joe Biden, and White House Press Secretary Jen Psaki said the White House will continue to press Manchin to reverse his decision.
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