This report presents findings on state and federal prisoners based on data collected through the Survey of Prison Inmates (SPI), 2016. The report describes the characteristics of state and federal prisoners in 2016, including demographics, education, and marital status. The 2016 administration of the SPI was the first to ask questions on sexual orientation and gender identity, and those estimates are included in this report. Statistics on prisoners? offenses, time served, prior criminal history, and their housing status prior to imprisonment, including homelessness, are also presented. The report concludes with a summary of the family background of prisoners while they were growing up and their family members who have ever been incarcerated.
Findings are primarily based on self-report data collected from a national sample of state and federal prisoners in the 2016 SPI. The SPI is conducted periodically and consists of personal interviews with prisoners. Personal interviews are the only means of gathering data on certain characteristics of prisoners on a national scale. This report also includes statistics on state prisoners that are based on the 2004 administration of the survey.
Profile of Prison Inmates, 2016 (NCJ 255037) was written by BJS Statisticians Lauren G. Beatty and Tracy L. Snell. The report, related documents, and additional information about BJS?s statistical publications and programs are available on the BJS website at bjs.ojp.gov.
This report, the 29th in a series that began in 1981, presents data on adult U.S. residents under community supervision on probation or parole in 2020. It includes characteristics of the population such as sex, race or ethnicity, and most serious offense of adult U.S. residents under correctional supervision in the community. It also details how people move onto and off community supervision, such as completing their term of supervision, being incarcerated, absconding, or other unsatisfactory outcomes while in the community.
Findings are based on BJS?s Annual Probation Survey, Annual Parole Survey, and Federal Justice Statistics Program, which collect data on adults placed on supervision or removed from supervision during the reporting year and on characteristics of the population at year-end. These are the only national data collections that cover community corrections in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the U.S. federal system.
Probation and Parole in the United States, 2020 (NCJ 303102) was written by BJS Statistician Danielle Kaeble. The report, related documents, and additional information about BJS?s statistical publications and programs are available on the BJS website at bjs.ojp.gov.
The Bureau of Justice Statistics of the U.S. Department of Justice is the principal federal agency responsible for collecting, analyzing, and disseminating reliable statistics on crime and criminal justice in the United States. Doris J. James is the acting director.
For more information on BJS's publications, data collections, data analysis tools, and funding opportunities,?visit?BJS online.
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