In 2000, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict, which is a commitment that, among other things, states and armed groups “should not, under any circumstances, recruit or use in hostilities anyone under the age of 18.” The Protocol entered into force in 2002, and has now been ratified by the majority of countries.
Furthermore, according to the UN, “Recruiting and using children under the age of 15 as soldiers is prohibited under international humanitarian law - treaty and custom -and is defined as a war crime by the International Criminal Court.”
On June 28, 2021, United Nations Secretary General Antonio Guterres told the Security Council, “the International Community must not allow armed conflict to trample on children’s rights.”
Said the Secretary General, “During 2020, almost 24,000 grave violations were committed against 19,300 children in the 21 situations. This shocking, heart-breaking disregard for children’s rights at times of conflict continues with their recruitment and use, their killing and maiming, and the denial of humanitarian access.”
Citing new and deeply concerning trends, he pointed to increasing numbers of child abductions and sexual violence. At the same time, schools and hospitals are being attacked, looted, destroyed or used for military purposes, with girls’ educational and health facilities targeted disproportionately.
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