This report is the eleventh in a series that began in 2011. It describes BJS’s data collection and developmental activities during 2020 and 2021 and new statistical findings to measure the incidence and prevalence of rape and sexual assault in adult correctional and juvenile justice facilities, including through the—
Each of these collections is an independent effort, and they are not directly comparable. This report fulfills the mandate established by the Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 (PREA; P.L. 108-79) that requires BJS to produce a report, not later than June 30 of each year, on BJS’s activities to collect data on prison rape.
This report presents statistics on the death penalty. It discusses the number of states that have authorized the death penalty, the methods of execution, and the number and demographics of prisoners who were under sentence of death during 2019. The report also details the number of prisoners executed in 2019 and advance counts of executions in 2020.
Findings are based on data from BJS’s Capital Punishment (NPS-8) series, which has annually collected data on national and state-level year-end counts of persons sentenced to death since 1953 and persons executed since 1930.
This report presents counts and rates of allegations of inmate-on-inmate and staff-on-inmate sexual victimization across all types of adult correctional facilities. The report defines five types of victimization that were determined by the characteristics of the incident and perpetrator. Correctional administrators provided counts of allegations by the outcomes of investigations.
Findings are based on data from BJS’s Survey of Sexual Victimization (SSV).
This report presents counts and rates of allegations of youth-on-youth and staff-on-youth sexual victimization in state juvenile systems and in locally or privately operated juvenile facilities that were determined by the characteristics of the incident and perpetrator. Juvenile justice administrators provided counts of allegations by the outcomes of investigations.
Findings are based on data from BJS’s SSV.
These statistical tables present counts of allegations and substantiated incidents of inmate-on-inmate and staff-on-inmate sexual victimization reported by correctional authorities in adult correctional facilities from 2012 to 2018. Detailed tables include jurisdiction-level counts by year reported by the Federal Bureau of Prisons system, all 50 state prison systems, and large local jail jurisdictions.
Findings are based on data from BJS’s SSV.
This report presents prevalence estimates of two mental health indicators based on data reported by state and federal prisoners: the prisoner reported experiences that met the threshold for serious psychological distress (SPD) during the 30 days prior to their interview and the prisoner reported having a history of a mental health problem.
Findings are based on self-reported data from BJS’s 2016 Survey of Prison Inmates (SPI).
This report presents data on the prevalence of medical problems reported by state and federal prisoners, highlighting differences in chronic conditions and infectious diseases by demographic characteristic.
Findings are based on self-reported data from BJS’s 2016 SPI.
This report was produced by RTI International for BJS under award number 2015-R2-CX-K139. It describes the processes and findings from a project to enhance the survey frame for BJS’s Annual Probation Survey to improve the survey estimates. BJS administers the Annual Surveys of Probation and Parole (ASPP) to provide the only state and national estimates of probation and parole populations in the United States. The ASPP has been providing longitudinal statistics about probation and parole populations since 1979 and 1980, respectively, which include estimates about the size, composition, outcomes, and entries and exits of state and federal probation and parole populations. The ASPP is central to BJS’s efforts to document key correctional trends because the ASPP data are combined with BJS’s prison and jail statistics to describe overall corrections populations.
Please see the disclaimer for this report. This email does not represent an endorsement of any third-party publication or entity referenced herein.
This report was produced by RTI International and the Police Executive Research Forum for BJS under award number 2017-BJ-CX-K054. It is a summary of proceedings from a one-day BJS-sponsored workshop held in December 2019 in Washington, D.C. The goal of the workshop was to gather input from stakeholders, including police practitioners, researchers, and crime and data analysts on ways to leverage incident-based data for enhanced tactical and strategic analysis and to improve policing practice and build community trust as a result of the nationwide transition to the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS). The report provides a summary of the workshop’s key themes, a compilation of innovative analytic approaches identified by the workshop participants, and activities that could promote and accelerate the use of NIBRS data, and is intended to help law enforcement practitioners, police executives, and researchers.
Please see the disclaimer for this report. This email does not represent an endorsement of any third-party publication or entity referenced herein.
This report was produced by RTI International and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) for BJS under award number HHSS283201000003C. SAMHSA developed a model-based methodology to obtain nationally representative estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) and any mental illness (AMI) among the adult U.S. civilian, non-institutionalized population in the 2008-12 Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) as part of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). This paper examines the feasibility of adapting and applying this methodology to 2016 Survey of Prison Inmates (SPI) data, collected by BJS, to obtain nationally representative estimates of SMI and AMI among state and federal prisoners.
Please see the disclaimer for this report. This email does not represent an endorsement of any third-party publication or entity referenced herein.
This report was produced by RAND Corporation for BJS under award number 2012-MU-CX-K045. It is a study of pardon-petition evaluations performed by the Office of the Pardon Attorney (PARDON, formerly OPA), a unit in the U.S. Department of Justice. PARDON processes thousands of requests for executive clemency each year. RAND conducted a statistical examination of how PARDON screens incoming petitions, investigates the facts underlying the petitions, and evaluates the merits of petitions when crafting recommendations to the President to grant or deny a pardon. Data were analyzed for any patterns in PARDON decisions that indicated racial or ethnic bias.
Please see the disclaimer for this report. This email does not represent an endorsement of any third-party publication or entity referenced herein.
This report was produced by Abt Associates for the Bureau of Justice Statistics under award numbers 2010-BJ-CX-K067 and 2015-R2-CX-K135. A hypothetical evaluation question posits that a state introduced a reform intended to reduce incarceration for a targeted group of offenders. This paper discusses how BJS’s National Corrections Reporting Program (NCRP) data might be used to investigate what that reform accomplished. Once a state introduces a reform, an evaluator can observe what happened following that introduction, but the evaluator cannot tell what would have happened had the state not introduced that reform. This paper is a discussion of selected quasi-experimental approaches that should be useful for dealing with the above evaluation question: pretest-posttest designs, difference-in-differences designs, difference-in-difference-in-differences designs, and synthetic control methods. While not an exhaustive list of evaluation strategies, this paper aims to emphasize the analysis of panel data derived from the NCRP.
Please see the disclaimer for this report. This email does not represent an endorsement of any third-party publication or entity referenced herein.
This report was produced by Abt Associates for BJS under award number 2015-R2-CX-K135. This paper describes a new methodology for estimating the incidence and cumulative incidence of imprisonment in the United States. It estimates the age at which the first prison admission is most likely to occur, trends in incidence across age cohorts, and trends in cumulative incidence across these cohorts. It uses data from BJS’s NCRP from 1982 to 1987.
Please see the disclaimer for this report. This email does not represent an endorsement of any third-party publication or entity referenced herein.
This report was produced by Abt Associates for BJS under award number 2010-BJ-CX-K067. This NCRP paper provides technical documentation for constructing prison and post-confinement community supervision (PCCS) terms and term histories, as well as the construction of longitudinal histories linking prison and PCCS term histories together. With this documentation, NCRP data users will have the ability to understand, recreate, and combine, if desired, prison and PCCS terms and term histories. Thus, this paper provides details of the algorithm used to process, characterize, and validate terms of incarceration and supervision reported to the NCRP. Topics include (1) how to identify and tentatively classify terms, (2) how to adjust and refine those tentative terms, (3) how to use prison stock populations (D records) to supplement the datafile, and (4) how to incorporate other adjustments into the final NCRP data.
Please see the disclaimer for this report. This email does not represent an endorsement of any third-party publication or entity referenced herein.
The following notices are open for public comments.
Comments on the proposed data collection extension will be accepted through August 27, 2021.
Comments on the proposed data collection extension will be accepted through July 28, 2021.
The following datasets have been released through the National Archive of Criminal Justice Data:
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