ED Extends Title IX Protections to LGBTQ Students
The Department of Education (ED) issued a Notice of Interpretation extending Title
IX protections to LGBTQ students. Title IX is the federal law that prohibits sex
discrimination at federally funded institutions. This new interpretation will
be effective on the date the notice is officially published in the Federal
Register, which will be within the coming weeks.
The Biden administration’s interpretation of Title IX brings
it in alignment with the U.S. Supreme Court’s ruling in Bostock v. Clayton
County, which determined that under Title VII “sex” should be interpreted
to include LGBTQ people, when they face discrimination based on their sexual orientation
or gender identity. Though the Bostock ruling was narrow because it only
applied to workplace discrimination, many legal scholars believe this ruling can
plausibly be applied to other situations.
The
Biden administration’s interpretation of the law reverses the prior Trump administration’s
interpretation. Prior to President Trump leaving office, the ED released a policy
memo which stated that LGBTQ students
are not expressly included in protections under Title IX. ED maintained that under
Title IX, “sex” should only be interpreted to mean “biological sex, male and female.”
There have been at least 31 states that have introduced
or passed bills that would ban transgender students from playing sports that correspond
with their gender identity. These laws could be contested under Title IX.