Council on Foreign Relations
Daily News Brief
March 19, 2021
Top of the Agenda
U.S.-China Tensions Flare on First Day of Talks
Highly anticipated, two-day talks between senior U.S. and Chinese officials in Alaska began acrimoniously as participants traded criticisms (WSJ) in remarks that were open to the media. U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken outlined U.S. concerns about China, including its suppression of dissent in Hong Kong and cyberattacks. In a lengthy statement (Al Jazeera), top Chinese diplomat Yang Jiechi rebuked U.S. interference in China’s affairs and criticized it for racism, among other issues.

However, the subsequent, closed-door discussions were “substantive, serious, and direct” (SCMP), according to a senior U.S. official. The in-person meeting is the countries’ first since U.S. President Joe Biden took office and comes amid strains in the bilateral relationship. Earlier this week, the Biden administration sanctioned Chinese officials over the crackdown in Hong Kong; Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi criticized the U.S. move as inhospitable.
Analysis
“Not clear why [the] Biden administration [is] resisting committing to a recurring strategic dialogue with China; this is the most important relationship of this era, and diplomacy is a tool of national security to use to advance US interests, not a favor to bestow,” tweets CFR President Richard N. Haass.

“I don’t see the Biden administration believing that cooperation is essential,” CFR’s Elizabeth C. Economy tells the South China Morning Post. “And the Chinese are willing to tolerate quite a high degree of confrontation.”

This CFR timeline traces U.S.-China relations since 1949.

United States
U.S. to Share COVID-19 Vaccine With Its Neighbors
White House Press Secretary Jen Psaki said the United States plans to send (NYT) a combined four million doses of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine to Canada and Mexico. Separately, President Biden said the United States is expected today to meet his goal (Politico) of administering one hundred million COVID-19 vaccine doses within his first hundred days in office.

Pacific Rim
North Korea Cuts Ties With Malaysia
North Korea ended diplomatic relations (Yonhap) with Malaysia after Malaysia’s top court ruled that it could extradite a North Korean man accused of money laundering to the United States. Pyongyang claimed Washington was behind the move and said it will “pay a due price,” while Kuala Lumpur gave North Korean embassy staff two days to leave (Nikkei) the country.

South and Central Asia
Countries Urge Afghan Peace Deal After Moscow Summit
China, Pakistan, Russia, and the United States appealed to the Afghan government and Taliban to settle their conflict and said they will not back (TOLOnews) a return to an Islamic emirate, which the Taliban has called for. Representatives of the countries and the Taliban met yesterday in Moscow.

Myanmar: Security forces reportedly killed nine people today (Reuters), continuing their crackdown on opponents of the military junta. Indonesian President Joko Widodo called for a meeting (Nikkei) of leaders from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) to discuss the crisis.
This Day in History: March 19, 1969
The government of France and the leaders of the National Liberation Front (FLN) sign the Evian Accords, ending Algeria’s seven-year war. The war’s conclusion led to Algeria’s independence in July, after 132 years of French colonial rule.

Middle East and North Africa
Iran to Test Nuclear Reactor
A spokesperson for Iran’s atomic energy agency said the country will soon conduct a so-called cold test (Reuters) on its redesigned Arak nuclear reactor. Iran had agreed to only conduct civilian work at its Arak facility under the 2015 nuclear agreement, which it has increasingly violated since 2019.

This CFR Backgrounder explains the Iran nuclear agreement.

Yemen: The UN Security Council called on Houthi rebels to stop their offensive (Al-Monitor) in the northern region of Marib, the internationally recognized government’s last major stronghold.

Sub-Saharan Africa
Tanzania Installs First Female President
Samia Suluhu was sworn in today (Guardian) as the sixth president of Tanzania. Suluhu was the vice president for President John Magufuli, whose death was announced on Wednesday. She is expected to serve until 2025, when Magufuli’s second term ends (Citizen).

Ethiopia: U.S. Senator Chris Coons (D-DE) will travel to Ethiopia (White House) on President Biden’s behalf to meet with Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed. Coons will express concerns about the humanitarian crisis and rights abuses in the country’s Tigray region, for which the Biden administration announced an additional $52 million in aid.

CFR’s Michelle Gavin explains the conflict in Tigray.

Europe
EU States to Continue Administering Oxford-AstraZeneca Vaccine
The decision to resume use of the COVID-19 vaccine comes after the European Union’s top drug regulator called it “safe and effective” (WSJ). Several countries, including France and Germany, had suspended distribution of the vaccine over concerns it could be linked to blood clots.

Germany/Russia: U.S. Secretary of State Blinken warned companies to halt construction of the Nord Stream 2, a gas pipeline between Germany and Russia, or risk U.S. sanctions (DW). Blinken called the project a “bad deal” for countries in the region.

Americas
Inter-American Development Bank Announces New Amazon Initiative
The bank launched a sustainable development initiative (LAHT) for the Amazon region during a virtual conference hosted by Colombia. It also unveiled a new effort to help women entrepreneurs expand the reach of their businesses.

This CFR InfoGuide explores deforestation in the Amazon.

Mexico: Authorities said gunmen killed (Reuters) at least thirteen police officers in an ambush near Mexico City. Security forces are searching for the gunmen, who are suspected to be gang members.
Friday Editor’s Pick
The New York Times Magazine reveals how generations of Laotians still suffer due to the U.S. military’s use of Agent Orange during the Vietnam War.
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