The UK Supreme Court, in a unanimous decision [PDF], ruled that Prime Minister Boris Johnson’s recent suspension of Parliament was unlawful and called for lawmakers to reconvene. The ruling widens the window for the legislature to approve a Brexit deal before Britain’s scheduled exit from the European Union on October 31.
 
The court said that the suspension illegally inhibited Parliament’s ability to supervise the executive. Johnson, in New York for the UN General Assembly, said he strongly disagrees (FT) with the ruling but would respect it. The decision prompted calls (Guardian) from opposition lawmakers for Johnson to resign. House of Commons Speaker John Bercow said the legislature will reconvene tomorrow and consider holding an emergency debate. 

Seventy-seven countries announced moves to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 (NYT), UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said. China made no commitments beyond its existing pledges under the Paris Agreement, while the United States did not participate. France said it will not sign trade deals with countries that go against the Paris accord.
 
UN member states pledged to move toward universal health care (UN) by 2030. Countries must report back in 2023 on their progress on measures such as ending financial hardship from out-of-pocket health costs and strengthening health workforces.
 
In Foreign Affairs, WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus writes that our warmer and wetter planet is also getting deadlier.

South Korea’s National Intelligence Service said chances are high that talks between the United States and North Korea could resume (Yonhap) in two to three weeks. The announcement comes after U.S. President Donald J. Trump and South Korean President Moon Jae-in met on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly.
 
Indonesia: At least twenty people were killed (AP), including three shot by police, in protests prompted by accusations that a teacher insulted an indigenous student in Papua Province.

Prime Minister Imran Khan, speaking at CFR, said there is no military solution to the war in Afghanistan and called for the United States to resume peace talks (VOA) with the militant group. Khan met with Trump at the United Nations later on Monday.
 
Watch Khan’s discussion with CFR President Richard N. Haass yesterday.

A constitutional committee with representatives from Syria’s government and opposition will hold talks in Geneva (UN) aimed at negotiating an end to the country’s civil war, announced UN Secretary-General Guterres. Guterres said Iran, Russia, and Turkey have backed the committee.
 
Iran: The leaders of France, Germany, and the United Kingdom, in a joint statement, blamed Iran (Politico) for attacks on Saudi oil facilities earlier this month.

A main treatment plant supplying the Zimbabwean capital (AP) and surrounding towns has been closed by authorities, leaving more than two million people without water.
 
CFR looks at the factors that have pushed Zimbabweans to the brink of starvation.
 
Gabon: Norway will pay $150 million over ten years for Gabon to preserve its forests (CNN) in a bid to combat climate change.

France, Germany, Italy, and Malta have agreed on a temporary mechanism for distributing migrants (DW) who have been rescued in the Mediterranean across Europe, according to Germany’s interior minister.

Sixteen countries voted to impose sanctions (Reuters) on members of Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro’s regime to pressure Maduro to leave power. The Lima Group, a multilateral body coordinating a regional response to the Venezuelan crisis, said it does not support the use of military force.
 
This CFR Backgrounder looks at the role of economic sanctions.
 
Brazil: At the UN climate summit, international donors pledged $500 million (Reuters) to preserve rain forests around the globe, including Brazil’s Amazon. Brazil did not to attend the meeting.

The United States held an event on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly calling for an end to religious persecution (Reuters). Beijing rebuked Washington over the event, during which the daughter of a Uighur Muslim imprisoned in China spoke.