The Coronavirus pandemic has accelerated the trend towards involuntary retirement, retiring before one wants to, in the United States. The New School’s Retirement Equity Lab reported that 2.9 million workers ages 55 to 70 had left the labor market by August, and it is projected that another 1.1 million will do the same by November.
Older workers once benefited from a so-called “experience premium” and were less likely to be laid off during downturns, but that is often no longer the case. Fears of contracting the virus may have prevented some individuals from voluntarily returning to work; however, that certainly is not the only factor to explain the problems older workers face.
“The experience premium has been shrinking over time,” said Richard Johnson, an economist at the Urban Institute who studies employment and retirement among older adults.
In July, more than 9 percent of workers over age 65 were unemployed, according to the Urban Institute. If those employed part time, who would prefer full-time positions and those not working for other reasons are included, the proportion rises to 16.5 percent. Unemployment rates are even higher for older women, Black and Latino workers, and those without college degrees.
“The failure of the Trump Administration to get the virus under control is taking a huge toll on older Americans,” said Mr. Fiesta. “Eighty percent of Americans who have died of COVID-19 are over the age of 65, and the pandemic is also hurting seniors economically. We need to provide financial support to these workers, and expand Social Security and increase benefits for people who are eligible for Social Security benefits.”