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This week marks the anniversary of one of the 20th century’s most enduring mysteries: on July 2, 1937, Amelia Earhart and navigator Fred Noonan vanished over the Pacific Ocean, somewhere near the tiny speck of Howland Island, twenty hours into the final leg of an attempted circumnavigation of the globe. Nearly ninety years later, no wreckage has ever been confirmed found, and the theories — crash and sink, castaway on a remote atoll, captured by Japanese forces — have never stopped multiplying.
This Sidequest makes the case that the mystery is the least important thing about her.
Earhart didn’t become famous for disappearing. She became famous for what she did first. In 1928 she crossed the Atlantic as a passenger on a flight she didn’t pilot or navigate, and she hated the experience so much — feeling like “baggage” — that four years later she did it herself: solo, alone, nearly 2,000 miles from Newfoundland to Ireland, becoming the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic. She set speed records, distance records, altitude records. She founded The Ninety-Nines, an organization for female pilots that still exists today. She wrote books, lectured constantly, and built an entire public career on the simple, repeated demonstration that ability had nothing to do with gender — at a moment, in the 1920s and 30s, when most of American society assumed otherwise.
The final flight was supposed to be the capstone: a nearly 29,000-mile circumnavigation near the equator, longer than any attempt before it, flown with one of the era’s best navigators in a Lockheed Electra built specifically for the journey. They’d already crossed South America, Africa, India, Southeast Asia, and Australia without serious incident. Only the Pacific remained when radio contact broke down and the aircraft vanished.
The U.S. Navy launched one of the largest search operations in history and found nothing. The mystery that followed has, in a real sense, eclipsed the achievement that made people care about the mystery in the first place.
This episode tries to put the emphasis back where it belongs.
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