Read new BJS report on firearm background checks

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AUGUST 6, 2025

New report presents statistics on background checks for firearm transfers and permits

BJS has released Background Checks for Firearm Transfers, 2021. This report presents statistics on the number of applications for background checks for firearm transfers and permits received by the FBI and state and local checking agencies in 2021 and on the number and percentage of applications that were denied. It also describes the types of permits or checks used by each state, the number of denials issued by these agencies, and the reasons for denial. The report is the 19th in a series produced by BJS. 

Data used for this report were collected and prepared by the Regional Justice Information Service Commission (REJIS) through a cooperative agreement with BJS under the Firearm Inquiry Statistics (FIST) program. Conducted annually since 1999, the FIST survey collects data on applications for and denials of firearm transfers from all state checking agencies and a representative sample of local checking agencies.  

Access the Report

Background Checks for Firearm Transfers, 2021 (NCJ 310167) was written by BJS statistician Elizabeth J. Davis, and Jennifer Karberg, Brittni Lambing, Ronald Frandsen, and Joseph Durso of REJIS. The report, related documents, and additional information about BJS’s statistical publications and programs are available on the BJS website at bjs.ojp.gov. 


The Bureau of Justice Statistics of the U.S. Department of Justice is the principal federal agency responsible for collecting, analyzing, and disseminating reliable statistics on crime and criminal justice in the United States.

For more information on BJS, including announcements, publications, data collections, data analysis tools, and funding opportunities, visit bjs.ojp.gov.


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