Daily Taps 1500 July 2 | Doughboy Foundation Summer Concerts @ National WWI Memorial |WWI Symposium Set| New WWI Books | WWI Heroes Honored



update subscription preferences [ [link removed] ]




View this in your browser [ [link removed] ]





Header 10292020 [ [link removed] ]



June 2025
1500th Daily Taps header image

Nathan Clarke sounds Daily Taps at the National World War I Memorial in Washington, DC. (Photo by Arlene Bridges Samuels)




Doughboy Foundation Celebrates 1500th Sounding Of Daily Taps At The National World War I Memorial in Washington, D.C.

Daily Taps bugler for 1500th

The Doughboy Foundation proudly announces that the 1500th consecutive sounding of "Daily Taps" at the National World War I Memorial in Washington, D.C. will take place at *5:00 p.m. EDT on July 2, 2025*. This solemn tradition honors the 4.7 million Americans who served in WWI, while also paying tribute to all veterans from every branch of service and all wars.



Daily Taps 1500 image 3

*The public is invited to attend this significant event, either in person at the National World War I Memorial [ [link removed] ], or virtually via YouTube livestream [ [link removed] ].*

Since the completion of the Memorial, "Daily Taps" has become a powerful symbol of remembrance and gratitude. This daily performance has featured some of the most celebrated musicians in the nation, including 10-time Grammy Award-winning trumpeter Arturo Sandoval, as well as members of the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra, National Symphony Orchestra, Metropolitan Opera Orchestra, and Los Angeles Philharmonic. These esteemed artists have lent their talents to ensure the sacrifices of veterans are never forgotten.



Daily Taps 1500 Image 4

“Daily Taps is a profound reminder of the courage, sacrifice, and service of those who defended freedom during World War I and beyond,*”* said Jari Villanueva, Executive Director of the Doughboy Foundation.

*“*This tradition connects the past to the present and ensures that their legacy lives on forever.”



________________________________________________________________________


Newfane American Legion Post header image [ [link removed] ]
New York American Legion Post 873 Will Commemorate Centennial Of Its Chartering With Daily Taps At The National WWI Memorial

The Post’s official charter was signed by the National American Legion Commander on July 25th, 1925. It was the 8,118th American Legion Post Charter in the Nation and was given the number of the 873rd post in New York State’s Department of the American Legion. To commemorate the 100th year of its charter, the post in Newfane, NY is sponsoring the sounding of Daily Taps at the National World War I Memorial [ [link removed] ] on July 25, 2025, paying tribute to its founding members, as well as the twelve other Newfane area servicemen who did not return from World War I. Read more about Newfane American Legion Post 873, its founding by those who served their nation in the crucible of the Great War, and how you can *join in their Centennial observance virtually on July 25.* [ [link removed] ]

________________________________________________________________________


WWI Symposium logo [ [link removed] ]
Inaugural World War I Symposium: “The Generation that Changed the World: Voices from the Great War” On September 12

The Doughboy Foundation has announced that the Inaugural *World War I Symposium* will take place on Friday, September 12, 2025, in Washington, DC.  Titled "*The Generation that Changed the World: Voices from the Great War"* [ [link removed] ] the Symposium will feature six outstanding speakers who will dig into intriguing aspects of the American experience in World War I, and show how echoes Great War are still being heard in the United States a century later. The Symposium will wrap up with a short walk across the street to the National World War I Memorial, where attendees will watch Daily Taps, followed by wreath laying ceremony, and get a brief history of the “*A Soldier’s Journey*” sculpture to end the day. Read more about the World War I Symposium, and learn how you can register to attend this inaugural event in Washington, DC. [ [link removed] ]

________________________________________________________________________



Doughboy Foundation Summer Concert Series Events At The National World War I Memorial Happening July 3 And July 14

Hotel Paradise Orchestra [ [link removed] ]

July will feature two events in the Doughboy Foundation's *Summer Concert Series at the National World War I Memorial in Washington, DC.*

On *Thursday, July 3, at 7:00 p.m*., *The Hotel Paradise Orchestra* will perform authentic charts–and some sparkling new arrangements–of classic jazz, plus a few sweet numbers, from 1920 to 1935. The band brings the early years of jazz and swing to life with music by Duke Ellington, Fats Waller, Cole Porter, George Gershwin, Count Basie, Irving Berlin, and Baltimore’s own Cab Calloway and Eubie Blake, among others. *Find out more about this swinging musical event, and RSVP to attend. [ [link removed] ]*



American Expeditionary Forces Band [ [link removed] ]

Postponed by inclement weather from its original date of June 19, on *Thursday, July 14, at 7:00 p.m.,* the Doughboy Foundation's *American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) Headquarters Band* will salute Juneteenth with a concert featuring the music of James Reese Europe and Noble Sissle, members of the famous 369th Regimental Band of WWI, known as the "*Harlem Hellfighters*". The AEF will also perform music by Eubie Blake and others from the World War I era, including George M. Cohan, Irving Berlin, and others. *Find out more about the great selection of music scheduled for this concert, and RSVP to attend. [ [link removed] ]*



________________________________________________________________________



Doughboy Foundation Participates At Des Moines, IA Event Honoring Black Army Officers Trained There During WWI

Jari Villanueva in Des Moines, Iowa [ [link removed] ]

Doughboy Foundation Executive Director Jari Villanueva traveled to Des Moines, Iowa, on June 14 to serve as the keynote speaker at the dedication of a historical marker commemorating the site where Black officers were trained during World War I and where the Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps trained during World War II. The ceremony was held at the Fort Des Moines Museum located on the grounds of the former Army Fort. The historical marker honors 1,250 Black college graduates who received Army Officer training during World War I, along with over 72,000 women trained there during WWII. Read the whole story here, and learn how Fort Des Moines has an important personal meaning for Villanueva as well. [ [link removed] ]



________________________________________________________________________



Review: "The Story Of A Rose" Brings The Past To The Present

Melissa Errico in The Story of a Rose [ [link removed] ]

Writing for "*The Rogers Review*" website in  the Washington, D.C. area, Editor-in-Chief and Entertainment Reporter Dean Rogers had a lot of great words for the Doughboy Foundation's recent production of the new World War I musical *The Story of A Rose* in May.  He says ""the magnificent, marvelous Melissa Errico brought the story of her beloved Aunt Rose to life for the very first time. After witnessing this new musical unfolding right before my very eyes, I see nothing but great potential that this amazing story will be told to the world near and far"." And that's just for starters! Read Rogers' entire review, and find out why he thinks that ""the people here will be forever grateful they came to see The Story of a Rose"."  [ [link removed] ]



________________________________________________________________________



World War I Weekend At Eisenhower National Historic Site

WWI Weekend snip [ [link removed] ]

How did Gettysburg and the Great War shape Dwight Eisenhower and the United States? Explore this story and more at Eisenhower National Historic Site’s World War I Weekend on July 19 and 20, 2025. The National Park Service will offer special programming related to Dwight Eisenhower, Gettysburg’s own Camp Colt, and the American experience in World War I. This event will include a small living history contingent, as well as participation from the U.S. Navy History and Heritage Command, and the Doughboy Foundation. Find out more about this special World War I program, and other things to do at the Eisenhower NHS while there. [ [link removed] ]



________________________________________________________________________



"*Daily Taps at the National WWI Memorial [ [link removed] ]*"

Honoring Lt. Edward Cedric Harris

On Monday, June 23, 2025, Daily Taps at the National World War I Memorial  [ [link removed] ]in Washington, DC was sounded in honor of WWI veteran Lt. Edward Cedric Harris, U.S. Army [ [link removed] ], 321st Infantry, 81st Division.

Lt. Harris was a Second Lieutenant of a Machine Gun Company in the 321st Infantry Regiment Division of the 81st Division, American Expeditionary Forces. Lt. Harris was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross for extraordinary heroism in action near Grimaucourt, France on 11 November 1918 for helping to care for his wounded men and under the fire of three enemy machine guns, he took his gun through the enemy wire and covered his retreating men allowing them to escape the dangerous position. He was severely wounded resulting in his death on 11 November 1918. He is namesake of Wendell, NC American Legion Post 148. Read more about Lt. Harris here [ [link removed] ].

Lieutenant Edward Cedric Harris [ [link removed] ]

The Daily Taps program of the Doughboy Foundation [ [link removed] ] provides a unique opportunity to dedicate a *"livestreamed" *sounding of Taps in honor of a special person of your choice while supporting the important work of the Doughboy Foundation. Choose a day, or even establish this honor *"in perpetuity"*. Click here for more information on how to honor a loved veteran with the sounding of Taps. [ [link removed] ]

________________________________________________________________________



Summer Cemetery Walk Recognizes Fayette County Ohio’s Highest Decorated World War I Soldier

Sgt. John Wrobbel’s headstone at Bloomingburg cemetery in Ohio [ [link removed] ]

On Monday, June 16, 2025, the Fayette County Genealogical Society in Ohio hosted its annual summer cemetery tour. This year the tour was led by Ohio World War I Centennial Committee member Paul LaRue. The tour was of the historic Bloomingburg Cemetery, which was established in 1818 by the Bloomingburg Presbyterian Church. The Cemetery is also the final resting place of Sergeant John Wrobbel, Distinguished Service Cross Recipient from World War I. Napoleon is credited with the phrase “"The Army marches on its stomach".” Read the entire article, and find out why Sergeant John Wrobbel is ""the embodiment of the phrase.""  [ [link removed] ]



________________________________________________________________________



Someone Had To Do It: Book About Forgotten WWI Letters “Reveals Timeless Lessons Of Honor And Courage”

Book cover [ [link removed] ]

John Chase's sister Abby was helping their 80 year-old Uncle Jack DeWitt move out of his house in Oklahoma City, OK to an assisted living facility. They were going through the contents of the garage and she found a number of shoeboxes containing some old letters. She asked her uncle: "“What are these Jack?”  "He answered: "“Oh, just some old letters my Dad wrote to his parents in Council Bluffs when he was in WWI.”"

But" "just some letters"" turned out to vastly understate the situation. The ~80 letters from late 1917 to 1918 told the story of a soldier who had been gassed by German chemical weapons, wounded in the leg, and received a Purple Heart. Chase, after looking at them, ""took it upon myself to try and do something with the letters and save them for posterity. Our family’s and perhaps even for history."" Learn how his mission with the letters became the new book *"Searching for John Dewitt: How 80" Forgotten Letters from WWI Reveals Timeless Lessons of Honor and Courage*, and what Chase discovered about WWI in the writing process. [ [link removed] ]



________________________________________________________________________



The Psychology of Leaving: What WWI Taught Us About Moving Without Closure

Salutes at Memorial [ [link removed] ]

The psychology of leaving explores how people handle sudden departures, both emotionally and mentally. During World War I, millions left home without proper goodbyes or clear expectations. Families were often left waiting, unsure if they would see their loved ones again. These unresolved separations left deep emotional scars. Today, many still face similar exits—fast, incomplete, and without closure. By looking back at WWI, we can better understand how sudden endings affect us and how to move forward without resolution. Read more, and find out why sudden departures, like those that happened to some World War I soldiers, caused long-term emotional strain, and can still do so a century later. [ [link removed] ]



________________________________________________________________________



One of Four: World War One Through The Eyes Of An Unknown Soldier

One Of Four Book Cover [ [link removed] ]

Travis Davis says his new novel, *One of Four: World War One Through the Eyes of an Unknown Soldier, [ [link removed] ]* is ""not a war book, it’s a book about war and the ramifications war has on soldiers, their families, and non-combatants living in a country ravaged by war. Most of all, it’s a tribute to the unknown soldier and all the 'Doughboys' that fought, the ones that came home, and the ones that gave it all"." A former soldier himself, Davis tells how the idea for the book originated in 1977 when he was a member of the burial detail to honor a former World War I soldier. Learn more about how the idea germinated and flowered over the years as he ""would become fixated on the war and the unknown soldier from World War I"." [ [link removed] ]



________________________________________________________________________



Passamaquoddy Heroes Honored At Training Site For World War I Bravery

Passamaquoddy plaque [ [link removed] ]

Maine has no shortage of celebrated war heroes. This week, two Passamaquoddy soldiers are being permanently honored for their bravery in World War I. “"We get to go to the site and see it whenever we want,” "Pearl Pulk, a Perry resident, said. More than a century after his heroic acts, Pulk’s grandfather, Samuel J. Dana, is being recognized. The site is formerly known as the Woodville Training Area and is now named the PFC Charles Lola and PFC Samuel J. Dana Training Area. It was named after Pulk’s grandfather and Lola, another Passamaquoddy World War I veteran. Find out how Dana and Lola remained at their post in France In 1918 during a fierce German attack, despite orders to fall back, and turned the tide of battle, an act of heroism ultimately led to a victory. [ [link removed] ]



________________________________________________________________________



Montana’s Fight For Free Speech: A Forgotten WWI Law Silenced A State

Silenced Montanan

Spend more than five minutes in Montana and you’ll pick up on something really fast: Montanans love freedom and although they might not always agree with everything going on, they love their country. Montana is known for being fiercely independent, deeply patriotic, and proud of their heritage. That’s why it’s so hard to believe that at one point in the state’s history, Montana made it illegal to speak out against the government. Sounds impossible, right? Unfortunately, it’s true, and the consequences were heartbreaking. Learn how, in 1918, the Montana Legislature passed the Montana Sedition Law, and just saying something against the war, even in a private conversation, could land a person in jail and sadly, many were imprisoned. [ [link removed] ]



________________________________________________________________________



Chris Gibbons: A Tribute To the 315th Regiment in WWI, “Philadelphia’s Own”

Philadelphia's Own snip [ [link removed] ]

Author and historian Chris Gibbons used the occasion of Memorial Day 2025 to take a look back at "Philadelphia’s Own” - the World War I 315th Infantry Regiment. Assigned to the 79th Division, the regiment was made up exclusively of men from the City of Brotherly Love. ""On September 21, 1917, a little over five months after the U.S. formally entered World War I, the first 361 recruits for the 315th Infantry Regiment arrived at Camp Meade in Maryland. The official record of the regiment during the Great War, authored by several officers of the 315th, noted that patriotic enthusiasm among these early Philadelphia recruits was so high that thorough physical examinations conducted at Camp Meade revealed that one recruit “was found to possess a wooden leg and another a glass eye."”  Read more about the men of the 315th Infantry Regiment, “Philadelphia’s Own”, who served, many giving their lives, to help bring an end to World War I. [ [link removed] ]



________________________________________________________________________



From World War I To AbramsX: The Enduring Power Of The Main Battle Tank

Tanks vertical [ [link removed] ]

Weapons systems are about lethality—as long as they are useful and effective at killing enemies, they never truly become obsolete. The US Army, for instance, disbanded horseback cavalry in the 1940s, only to deploy special forces on horseback to fight in Afghanistan. From mines to bayonets and artillery, weapons borne by Doughboys in the trenches in World War I are carried and employed by Ukrainian soldiers today defending their country—from trenches. Weapons, unlike fashion, don’t go out of style on a whim. Learn how, historically, why armor has succeeded or failed in combat today appears little different from when it was first introduced on the battlefield during World War I.  [ [link removed] ]



________________________________________________________________________



Interpreting Readiness: The Naval Act Of 1916 And The Women It Didn’t Mean To Include In World War I

Naval Act of 1916 [ [link removed] ]

In the lead-up to the U.S. entry into World War I, few pieces of legislation were as sweeping as the Naval* *Act of 1916. Officially titled "An Act Making Appropriations for the Naval Service", it aimed to prepare the U.S. Navy for potential involvement in global conflict by expanding its fleet, modernizing armaments, and increasing personnel. But a loophole in the law's language made it possible for then-Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels to make a quiet, game-changing decision. Find out how one word that wasn't there enabled, the first time in American history, women to formally enlist in the U.S. Military, as not just nurses or auxiliaries, but as full-fledged reservists. [ [link removed] ]



________________________________________________________________________



The Unsung Animal Heroes Of WWI

WWI horses

World War I earned the grim title of “the War to end all wars” for a reason: the world had never before witnessed a conflict on such an unimaginable scale. The sheer scale of the conflict felt unreal and completely unprecedented. Not only did it involve numerous nations across the globe, but it also introduced terrifying new technologies. Weapons like gas, tanks, and machine guns, alongside the brutal reality of trench warfare, inflicted catastrophic damage at an alarming level. Around 65 million soldiers fought in World War I, and over 16 million animals served served in various roles during the conflict. Read more about how these animals played crucial roles, detecting gas, controlling pests in the trenches, transporting vital supplies, and carrying messages and communications along the front lines; many of them undeniably changed the entire course of the war. [ [link removed] ]



________________________________________________________________________



Aberdeen Proving Ground Has Played Major Role In Shaping Army technology Since World War I

Aberdeen pamphlet [ [link removed] ]

To celebrate the Army’s 250th birthday this year, Aberdeen Proving Ground (APG) is looking back at how the organization has played a major role in shaping Army technology since its establishment in 1917. APG is the Army’s oldest active proving ground and, despite its age, is known as “the home of innovation.” APG plays a vital role in Army modernization efforts by developing cutting-edge technologies to support the warfighter. With APG’s extensive efforts, America’s service members are ready, modern, and prepared to defeat and destroy those who threaten our homeland, our partners and allies, and our American way of life. Learn about APG's World War I origins, and why it was such a unique organization, testing wheeled vehicles, tanks, airplanes, and lethal gasses. [ [link removed] ]



________________________________________________________________________



World War I News Digest June 2025

Hunger Map

World War I was "*The War that Changed the World*", and its impact on the United States continues to be felt over a century later, as people across the nation learn more about and remember those who served in the Great War. Here’s a collection of news items from the last month related to World War I and America.



How hunger shook Europe and the Ottoman Empire after WWI [ [link removed] ]

Did the End of WWI Cause the Start of WWII? [ [link removed] ]

That Time the Army Gassed WWI Vets Protesting for Benefits [ [link removed] ]

BAR: Browning’s Battlefield Sledgehammer designed in WWI [ [link removed] ]

How To Tell If A WWI 1918 Trench Knife Is Real [ [link removed] ]

World War I: The Story of a Global Catastrophe [ [link removed] ]

Canadian soldier killed during WWI with unidentified grave [ [link removed] ]

After WWI service, "USS Texas" played crucial [ [link removed] ]D-Day [ [link removed] ]role in WWII [ [link removed] ]

Changes to America’s agriculture from WWI through Cold War [ [link removed] ]

WWI US Navy Sub Sunk in 1917 Revealed in Stunning Detail [ [link removed] ]

 

________________________________________________________________________



Doughboy MIA for June 2025

Private Frank Joseph Brown [ [link removed] ]

A man is only missing if he is forgotten.

Our Doughboy MIA this month [ [link removed] ] is Private Frank Joseph Brown, born on July 6, 1891, in Chicago, Illinois. Before the war, he had a successful career in the entertainment industry as a pianist, performing in clubs across the city. He was drafted into the United States Army on September 17, 1917, and initially assigned to the 311th Engineers.

He was later transferred to the 128th Infantry Regiment of the 32nd Division. In February 1918, he sailed to France, where he was reassigned to the Machine Gun Company of the 28th Infantry, 1st Division.

On July 19, 1918, Pvt. Brown was hauling a machine gun cart with mules when he was struck by an enemy shell. Sgt. Ray Smith, of the same company, witnessed the blast and later recalled Brown’s final moments to investigators.

Read Pvt. Brown's whole story here. [ [link removed] ]

Would "*you*" like to be involved with solving the case of PVT Frank Joseph Brown, and all the other Americans still in MIA status from World War I? "*You can!*" Click here to make a tax-deductible donation to our non-profit organization today [ [link removed] ], and help us bring them home! Help us do the best job possible and give today [ [link removed] ], with our thanks.  Remember: "A man is only missing if he is forgotten".



________________________________________________________________________





________________________________________________________________________



App image 3 [ [link removed] ]

Click or scan the QR Code below to download the Virtual Explorer App for the National World War I Memorial [ [link removed] ], and and explore the Memorial from your phone, at home or onsite.

QR Code for Virtual Explorer App download [ [link removed] ]
________________________________________________________________________


Taps Sponsorship VS1 [ [link removed] ]
________________________________________________________________________



"NEW!" Desktop Explorer
Desktop App screen

Use the new “*WWI Memorial: Desktop Explorer*“ to learn about the National WWI Memorial in the classroom or at home. Both Mac [ [link removed] ] and PC [ [link removed] ] apps are available. Check them out here:

MAC Desktop App [ [link removed] ]Windows Desktop App link [ [link removed] ]
________________________________________________________________________


Education Thumb Drive image [ [link removed] ]

*Free Self-Contained WWI History Web Site on YOUR computer*

*Sources, lessons, activities, videos, podcasts, images*

We have packaged all the content we created for “How WWI Changed America” into a format that is essentially a web site on a drive. Download the content onto any drive (USB, external, or as a folder on your computer), and all the content is accessible in a web site type format even without an internet connection. Click here to learn more, and download this amazing educational resource for home or classroom use. [ [link removed] ]

________________________________________________________________________


Genealogy Guide VS2 [ [link removed] ]
________________________________________________________________________


Doughboy MIA [ [link removed] ]
________________________________________________________________________



Pershing Sponsors

Pershing Sponsors sidebar w-founding sponsor [ [link removed] ]
________________________________________________________________________


Legacy Society [ [link removed] ]
________________________________________________________________________


Valor Medals Review [ [link removed] ]
________________________________________________________________________



________________________________________________________________________



________________________________________________________________________






________________________________________________________________________



George Goody

A Story of Service from the Stories of Service section [ [link removed] ] of "doughboy.org"

George Goody

*Submitted by: Jack Sherman {grandson}*

My grandfather joined the Army at 16 to avoid working in the woods of Maine. His father signed his papers but couldn't read and write English so was rather angry when he figured out what was happening. George left Maine and ended up in troop I, 6th Cavalry on the Texas-Mexico border during the punitive expedition. Since he didn't read or write English he was never promoted in 6 years of service. When we declared war on Germany and the Army needed French speakers, grandpa George became a genius overnight since he could read, write, and speak French just fine. He left the cavalry and became a dispatch rider working behind the lines, since he could communicate with French. Unfortunately, he was wounded and almost lost his right leg, and ended the war in a hospital.

When peace broke out he went AWOL from the hospital to Paris for a celebration with some friends. He eventually got caught, returned to the hospital, and chewed out, but apparently, it was worth it. His leg never healed correctly and was a constant source of pain for the rest of his life. He eventually returned to America and was discharged at Fort Dix, NJ in 1920, unfit for further service.

Later in life, he pursued many occupations, such as farmer, carpenter, and owner of a Taxi company. He never lost the love for horses, backed down from a fight (disciplined for fist fighting in a VA hospital in his 60's), or carousing. When my father was courting my mother, George disapproved of my father and threatened to beat him up... until they went riding together. Legend has it since my father could ride quite well, he won grandpa's approval. Of course, the horses they rode that day were in pretty bad shape when they finished with them. The farmer that rented them the horses was pissed but got over it. Neither my father nor grandpa were young men at that point, but both were proud and would rather die than let someone outdo them on horseback. After that, the marriage was sealed. George Goody served with honor in two conflicts and remained a soldier at heart for the rest of his life.

Submit your family's Story of Service here. [ [link removed] ]


________________________________________________________________________





Footer Image pigeon messages

*Contact Form:
*[Click Here] [ [link removed] ]

*Mailing Address:
*The Doughboy Foundation 
1455 Pennsylvania Ave NW
Suite 400
Washington, DC 20004

*Website:
* [ [link removed] ]www.doughboy.org [ [link removed] ]

*Telephone:
*(202) 380-0725

*Carrier Pigeon:
*Please call first! 

 

 

 

The Dispatch is a monthly publication of the Doughboy Foundation.

Publisher: CAPT Chris Christopher, USN (Ret.)      Chief Technologist: Theo Mayer






________________________________________________________________________

 

"The Doughboy Foundation is a 501c3 non-profit funded by philanthropic contributions. Our mission is to keep the story of WWI in the minds of all Americans, so that the 4.7 million who served in the Armed Forces, and how WWI changed America, will never be forgotten."

Stay Connected with The Doughboy Foundation through our Social Media Channels Facebook [ [link removed] ]   Twitter [ [link removed] ]   you tube [ [link removed] ]   instagram [ [link removed] ]   Govdelivery [ [link removed] ] [ [link removed] ] SUBSCRIBER SERVICES:
Manage Subscriptions [ [link removed] ]  |  Unsubscribe All [ [link removed] ]  |  Help [ [link removed] ]
________________________________________________________________________

This email was sent to [email protected] using GovDelivery Communications Cloud on behalf of: The Doughboy Foundation · PO Box 17586 #123 · Arlington, VA 22216 GovDelivery logo [ [link removed] ]
body .abe-column-block { min-height: 5px; } table.gd_combo_table img {margin-left:10px; margin-right:10px;} table.gd_combo_table div.govd_image_display img, table.gd_combo_table td.gd_combo_image_cell img {margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px;} table.govd_hr {min-width: 100%;}