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“Measles Update—United States, January 1–April 17, 2025” published in MMWR
CDC published Measles Update—United States, January 1–April 17, 2025 on April 24 in MMWR. A portion of the summary appears below.
Although measles was declared eliminated in the United States in 2000, large outbreaks with 50 or more cases have become more frequent, especially in close-knit communities with low vaccination coverage. . . .
During January 1–April 17, 2025, a total of 800 measles cases were reported in the United States, the second highest annual case count in 25 years; 82% were associated with an ongoing outbreak in close-knit communities with low vaccination coverage in New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas. Eighty-five (11%) patients were hospitalized, and three have died. . . .
To prepare for and prevent measles cases and outbreaks, health departments should work with trusted messengers on culturally competent community engagement, education, vaccination efforts, and other infection prevention approaches. Increasing national and local measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination coverage is essential to preventing measles cases and outbreaks.
Access the MMWR article in HTML or PDF.
In its April 25 weekly update, CDC reported 884 confirmed measles cases in 2025, with 93% of the cases associated with 11 outbreaks. Texas reported 646 of the 884 cases. To date in 2025, 29 states reported measles cases, with Illinois, Louisiana, Missouri, Montana, and Virginia reporting their first cases since the last weekly update.
A map of 2025 measles cases, as of April 24, is shown below.

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May is Hepatitis Awareness Month; spread the word that all adults through age 59 years should be protected with hepatitis B vaccination
May is Hepatitis Awareness Month, and May 19 marks National Hepatitis Testing Day. By employing widespread screening and vaccination, in accordance with CDC guidelines, most viral hepatitis can be treated or prevented. Both hepatitis A and hepatitis B are easily preventable through routine vaccination. Hepatitis A vaccination is recommended for all children and for adults with risk factors for exposure to this acute infection. Hepatitis B, a cause of both acute and chronic infection, is preventable through routine infant vaccination and catch-up vaccination of everyone through age 59 years. Hepatitis C is not vaccine-preventable but is treatable. See Immunize.org’s extensive sets of clinical resources and Ask the Experts web pages on each of these important vaccines.
Promote Hepatitis Awareness Month and National Hepatitis Testing Day with social media posts. See the Hepatitis Awareness Month Social Media Toolkit for graphics and sample messages to use this May.
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Immunize.org’s Hepatitis B Birth Dose Honor Roll recognizes 587 institutions, including one new honoree
Immunize.org is pleased to welcome one new institution into its Hepatitis B Birth Dose Honor Roll, which now recognizes 587 honorees. The new birthing institution appears below with its reported hepatitis B birth dose coverage rates in parentheses.
- Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical Center, Wilkes Barre, PA (95%)
Please join us in recognizing these honorees with sustained excellence that qualify for an additional year:
- Crouse Health, Syracuse, NY (91%) (2 years)
- Ephraim McDowell Regional Medical Center, Danville, KY (96%) (4 years)
- UnityPoint Grinnell Regional Medical Center, Grinnell, IA (91%) (6 years)
- Tufts/Lowell General Hospital, Lowell, MA (94%) (7 years)
- Central Vermont Medical Center, Berlin, VT (90%) (7 years)
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX (99%) (9 years)
The Honor Roll includes 587 birthing institutions from 50 states, the District of Columbia, American Samoa, Guam, Puerto Rico, Northern Mariana Islands, and U.S. military hospitals overseas.

The Honor Roll is a key part of Immunize.org’s initiative urging the nation’s hospitals to Give Birth to the End of Hep B. Hospitals and birthing centers are recognized for attaining high coverage for hepatitis B vaccine at birth and meeting additional criteria. To learn whether your organization qualifies and to access the application form, please see Hepatitis B Birth Dose Honor Roll online.
Honorees receive an 8.5" x 11" color certificate suitable for printing and framing. Their acceptance is announced through Immunize.org’s social media channels and to IZ Express’s readers.
Please visit the Hepatitis B Birth Dose Honor Roll web page that lists these institutions and celebrates their vigorous efforts to protect infants from perinatal hepatitis B transmission.
Related Immunize.org Resources
Journalists interview Immunize.org experts
Journalists seek out Immunize.org experts to help explain vaccines to the public and policy makers. We help the media understand and communicate the complex work vaccinators do. Here are some of our recent citations.
These recent articles convey the potential risks of vaccine-preventable diseases and the importance of vaccination.
Immunize.org Website and Clinical Resources
Spotlight on the website: VISs and Translations

For each recommended vaccine, CDC produces VISs that explain the benefits and risks of a vaccine to recipients and caregivers. When applicable, VISs describe a recipient’s eligibility for compensation through the federal Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP) if a rare, vaccine-attributable adverse event follows vaccination. Federal law requires that vaccinators provide VISs for any vaccine included in the VICP.
In addition to current official VISs published in English, Immunize.org links to translations of 34 VISs in up to 47 languages, more than 900 translations in all. Enabling patients to access vaccine information in their preferred language increases understanding and trust. Our VIS translations are either developed by a translation service engaged by Immunize.org through grant support from CDC or donated by trusted and experienced partner organizations.
Where can I find VISs and translations on Immunize.org?
At the top of every page, find "Vaccines & VISs" on the left tab. Click on the VISs option to open the expanded VISs menu on the right, which lists all VISs alphabetically.

Once you click on a choice such as MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella), you will see the image of the current English VIS at the top of the page.
To access other VIS pages or VIS Translations by language, use the navigation in the left column.
On each vaccine-specific VIS page, there is a Current Translations table. That table lists all available translations corresponding to the current official VIS. Icons allow for viewing, printing, and downloading.

What are out-of-date translations?
Below the table of Current Translations may be a table of Out-of-Date Translations. Translations listed there correspond to a previous official version. If a current translation is unavailable, CDC states it is acceptable to provide an out-of-date VIS translation accompanied by the current English version.
Where can I find more information about VISs?
The right-hand navigation column (captioned with “On This Page”) provides links that appear as you scroll further down the page. Immunize.org's essential VIS resources (listing all current VIS dates and explanations) appear there. We also link to CDC's VIS web pages.
Learn more about VISs and VIS translations with our two short orientation videos (customized for desktop or smartphone). For a deeper dive, we offer a longer webinar to explore content and demonstrate navigation of the VIS website
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Featured Resources
Medscape offers CDC educational activity on maternal RSV vaccination and receipt of nirsevimab (Beyfortus, Sanofi) by infants; CE credit available
Alliance for a Healthier Generation shares vaccine resources for caregivers, schools, and communities
The Alliance for a Healthier Generation is a nonprofit organization that works with schools, youth-serving organizations, businesses, and communities across the nation to transform the places kids spend their time into healthier environments. They are now offering vaccine resources centered around caregivers, schools, and communities.
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Give your adult patients the vaccinations they need every time. Order laminated 2025 U.S. adult immunization schedule booklets. Childhood booklets are sold out.
Laminated booklets of the 2025 U.S. adult immunization schedule are still available in the Immunize.org shop. The 2025 child and adolescent schedule booklets sold out.
The schedules are available online as PDFs from CDC at no cost. Immunize.org’s laminated booklets are ideal for use in any busy healthcare setting where vaccines are given. Features include:
- Durability: Their tough coating can be wiped down, and they can stand up to a year's worth of use.
- Format: Each schedule is produced in an 8.5” X 11” booklet format; with color coding for easy reading, our laminated schedules replicate the original CDC formatting, including all tables and notes. The adult schedule is 16 pages.
- Easy access to CDC updates: The CDC online schedule includes an addendum page that will display ACIP’s new recommendations as CDC adopts them during 2025. Each Immunize.org laminated schedule addendum page includes QR codes you can scan to view or print the online addendum page as it is revised.
- Bonus content: The schedule includes a bonus page with Immunize.org’s popular 1-page handout summarizing the dose, route, and needle size recommendations for all vaccines and recipients.
Pricing:
Adult Booklets
1 copy: $10.00
2–4 copies: $9.50 each
5–19 copies: $8.50 each
20–99 copies: $7.50 each
100–499 copies: $6.00 each
500–999 copies: $5.00 each
1,000–1,999 copies: $4.00 each
2,000+ copies: $3.25 each
Visit the Shop Immunize.org: Laminated Schedules web page to view images and order today!
For additional information, call 651-647-9009 or email [email protected].
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Updated 65+ Flu Defense website offers resources for healthcare professionals serving older adults
Confident healthcare provider recommendations for influenza vaccine are powerfully persuasive. This influenza season has been a tough one. To help you maximize patient protection, Immunize.org, in collaboration with CSL Seqirus, updated the 65+ Flu Defense website.

This helpful site includes information, tools, and tips for communicating with adults age 65 and older about the scope and severity of influenza. Resources include:
Older adults are at increased risk of severe influenza, COVID-19, and RSV illness, including hospitalization and death, especially if they are not up to date on these vaccinations. A clinician recommendation is the most important reason why a patient will get vaccinated.
Check out the updated 65+ Flu Defense website to assist your ongoing efforts in protecting this vulnerable population.
Immunize.org's elegantly designed "Vaccines Save Lives" black enamel pins make wonderful gifts or workplace recognitions!
Immunize.org’s elegantly designed “Vaccines Save Lives” pins are meaningful gifts for people who care about vaccination. The pin makes a refined statement in hard black enamel with gold lettering and edges, measuring 1.125" x 0.75". The pin features a stick-through-post with the back covered by a round rubber cap that holds the pin securely. A gold metal spring-lock clasp is also provided.

Wear these pins on clothing, uniforms, and white coats to show that you value vaccines.

Click here for "Vaccines Save Lives" pin pricing and ordering information.
Notable Publications
“Real-World Effectiveness and Causal Mediation Study of BNT162b2 on Long COVID Risks in Children and Adolescents” published in eClinicalMedicine
In the January 2025 issue, eClinicalMedicine published Real-World Effectiveness and Causal Mediation Study of BNT162b2 on Long COVID Risks in Children and Adolescents. Portions of the Summary and Research-in-Context sections appear below.
During the Delta period, the estimated effectiveness of the [Pfizer/BioNTech] BNT162b2 vaccine against long COVID among adolescents was 95.4% . . . During the Omicron phase, the estimated effectiveness against long COVID among children was 60.2% . . . and 75.1% . . . among adolescents. . . .
Our study found a high overall protective effect of BNT162b2 against long COVID during Delta period, and moderate protective effects during the Omicron period. The estimated direct and indirect effects indicated that the vaccine’s primary advantage in protecting against long COVID outcomes stems from its ability to reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in both Delta and Omicron period. . . .
Given that the causal pathways for developing long COVID are still not fully understood, our findings underscore the importance of continually prioritizing the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infections and using vaccination as a key focus of public health policy to mitigate the risk of long COVID.
"Modeling Reemergence of Vaccine-Eliminated Infectious Diseases Under Declining Vaccination in the U.S." published in JAMA
In the April 24 issue, JAMA published Modeling Reemergence of Vaccine-Eliminated Infectious Diseases Under Declining Vaccination in the U.S. This study estimates the consequences of declining vaccination rates over time, including the re-establishment of measles as an endemic disease in the United States. Portions of the abstract appear below.
Results: At current state-level vaccination rates, the simulation model predicts measles may reestablish endemicity (83% of simulations; mean time of 20.9 years) with an estimated 851,300 cases . . . over 25 years. Under a scenario with a 10% decline in measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination, the model estimates 11.1 million . . . cases of measles over 25 years, whereas the model estimates only 5800 cases . . . with a 5% increase in MMR vaccination. . . .
Conclusions and Relevance: Based on estimates from this modeling study, declining childhood vaccination rates will increase the frequency and size of outbreaks of previously eliminated vaccine-preventable infections, eventually leading to their return to endemic levels. The timing and critical threshold for returning to endemicity will differ substantially by disease, with measles likely to be the first to return to endemic levels and may occur even under current vaccination levels without improved vaccine coverage and public health response. These findings support the need to continue routine childhood vaccination at high coverage to prevent resurgence of vaccine-preventable infectious diseases in the US.

Upcoming Events
Virtual: Vaccine Education Center honors Hilleman student essayists on “The Role of Science in Society Today – 2025,” on May 2 at 3:00 p.m. (ET)
Virtual: Register for Immunize.org Website Office Hours. Ask questions and learn about our affiliated websites on May 7 at 4:00 p.m. (ET) or May 8 at 12:00 p.m. (ET). Recorded sessions available online.
To learn simple tips and tricks for using our website efficiently, please register for our next set of Website Office Hours on Wednesday, May 7 at 4:00 p.m. (ET) or Thursday, May 8 at 12:00 p.m. (ET). The same content will be covered in both sessions.
We will open each 45-minute session with a short, live demonstration on navigating our affiliated websites, including our educational website for the public, VaccineInformation.org. You can submit questions when you register or live on Zoom during the session.

Register today for Immunize.org Website Office Hours (content is the same for both):
The archive of previous Website Office Hours content is posted at Immunize.org’s Webinars & Videos page. These archived webinars include Ask the Experts; Clinical Resources; Vaccine Information Statements (VISs); Images, Webinars, Videos, & Social Media; Official Guidance; Publication Archives, Vaccine Timeline, & About Us; Travel Vaccines, Vaccine Confidence, & Addressing Concerns; and Vaccines A–Z.
Mark your calendar for future Immunize.org Website Office Hours.
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