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January 30, 2025

 
 

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FEATURE

Immigration Systems in Labor-Needy Japan and South Korea Have Evolved—but Remain Restrictive

By Erin Aeran Chung and Yunchen Tian

It is little secret that Japan and South Korea need workers, as their native-born populations age and shrink. Slowly, the countries have embraced immigration to fill the gap—but systems still remain restrictive. Certain categories of immigrants have a much easier time entering the countries than others.

This article spells out the evolving approaches.

 
People harvesting crops in South Korea.
 
 

U.S POLICY BEAT

With “Shock and Awe,” the Second Trump Term Opens with a Bid to Strongly Reshape Immigration

By Muzaffar Chishti and Kathleen Bush-Joseph

U.S. President Donald Trump hit the ground running upon returning to office last week, moving to dramatically reshape U.S. immigration enforcement and policy. The changes set the stage for mass deportations, all but foreclose access to asylum at the border, withhold citizenship from the future children of unauthorized immigrants and those with temporary statuses, and seek to create “shock and awe” that will reverberate around the country.

This article examines the early-day policies, possible impacts, and likely headwinds

 
President Donald Trump signs an executive action at the White House.
 
EDITOR'S NOTE

An estimated 9 billion trips are expected across China over the next few weeks, as part of the 40-day Lunar New Year (also known as the Spring Festival), which is widely considered the world’s largest annual human mobility event.

Celebrations for the Year of the Snake, which began Wednesday, will largely involve urban migrants who return to their family home elsewhere in China, but will also see an uptick in international arrivals and departures. Last year China expanded the list of nationals eligible for visa-free entry to include Croatia, Japan, and other countries, and also doubled the duration of stay to 30 days for nationals of all 38 visa-free travel countries. As a result, there has been a rise in foreign tourists this season, with the number of inbound flight passengers increasing 47 percent compared to last year.

The travel rush, known as chunyun, typically provides a boost to the economy, and the government this year seemed to encourage prolonged travel by maintaining an extended eight-day official break (it had been seven days before 2024) in order to help the sluggish economy. As MPI’s Lawrence Huang explained last year, China’s strict zero-COVID policy kept virus transmission low for three years, but left lingering economic impacts that contributed to a bumpier landing when the country finally reopened in January 2023.

Lunar New Year is far from just a Chinese holiday. An estimated 1.3 million Koreans (who refer to the holiday as Seol) were projected to travel internationally this year during the celebrations, and there were also reported increases in travel to and from Vietnam (where the holiday is referred to as Tết), Taiwan, and elsewhere.

The festival season is also prominent in countries such as the United States, where millions of residents were either born in Asia or descended from Asian immigrants. Immigrants from China (including Hong Kong and Macau) are the third largest foreign-born group in the United States, and Lunar New Year events this week in major destination cities such as New York and San Francisco are testament to these communities’ impacts on their new cities. In fact, the Chinese New Year parade in San Francisco—where about one in every six residents was born in Asia—bills itself as the largest of its kind in the world.

Happy Year of the Snake!

All the best,

Julian Hattem
Editor, Migration Information Source
[email protected]

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No One-Size-Fits-All: Outreach and Counselling for Irregular Migrants
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MEDIA CORNER

The latest episode of MPI’s Changing Climate, Changing Migration podcast speaks with lawyer and researcher Julia Neusner, who relays stories of migrants at the U.S.-Mexico border.

Migrants in the Digital Periphery: New Urban Frontiers of Control, by Matt Mahmoudi, sheds light on the role of tech companies to support immigration enforcement.

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U.S. aid workers who helped people escape Nazi persecution are the subject of historian Debórah Dwork’s Saints and Liars: The Story of Americans Who Saved Refugees from the Nazis.

Janet Mancini Billson examines the outcomes of refugees resettled in Canada in Refugee Pathways to Peace: Escaping the Chaos of War.

Historian Beatrix Hoffman examines the U.S. health system’s relationship with immigrants in Borders of Care: Immigrants, Migrants, and the Fight for Health Care in the United States.

 

The Migration Information Source is a publication of the Migration Policy Institute, a nonpartisan, nonprofit think tank in Washington, DC, and is dedicated to providing fresh thought, authoritative data, and global analysis of international migration and refugee trends.

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