A new addition to our research library newsletter
Friends,
For more than two decades, we’ve sent this newsletter with periodic updates about some of the most important and impactful research about the harms of mass incarceration.
Starting today, we’re trying something new. We’ll continue to provide a rundown of the reports we’ve added to our Research Library, organized by topic. Now, though, our researchers will also curate some of the most timely, interesting, and topical reports and resources — from Prison Policy Initiative and other organizations — that we think you should know about.
With Election Day less than two weeks away, we’re starting with research that looks at the intersection of elections and mass incarceration:
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While presidential campaigns get most of the attention, many down-ballot races can have an even bigger impact on prisons, jails, policing, and more. That’s why we put together this guide to how 19 offices you may be asked to vote on can help end mass incarceration in America. It helps you understand how even offices that seem far removed from the criminal legal system can make a big impact. Similarly, you should also check out this really helpful guide from our friends at Bolts
that highlights some of the key races on the ballot this November.
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The Sentencing Project recently released its biannual report on felony disenfranchisement, which shows that 4 million people with felony convictions will be disenfranchised in the 2024 election.
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Our 2020 report with the Rainbow Push Coalition, Eligible But Excluded, explains how most of the more than half a million people in jail on any given day are eligible to vote in elections but face a series of obstacles that make it nearly impossible. If you’re interested in learning more about jail voting, check out this 2022 briefing about polling locations in local jails.
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Donald Trump is the first person with a felony conviction to ever have a shot at the presidency. However, in this briefing from earlier this year, we examined some of the other jobs that he — and millions of other people with felony convictions — are prohibited from holding due to misguided state laws.
We hope these resources are helpful as we head towards Election Day!
- Peter Wagner, Executive Director
P.S.
We’d love to hear what you think of this addition to the newsletter. If you have thoughts that you’d like to share, just press reply and send them to us. We look forward to hearing from you.
We've The Prison Policy Initiative has added 21 new reports to the Research Library:
- Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Exposure Risks in US Carceral Facilities, 2022 by Lindsay Poirier, Derrick Salvatore, Phil Brown, et al, May, 2024
"5% of US carceral facilities have at least 1 known source of PFAS
contamination... also 47% have at least 1 presumptive source [of PFAS
exposure]. A minimum of 990,000 people are incarcerated in these
facilities, including at least 12,800 juveniles."
- Locked into Emissions: How Mass Incarceration Contributes to Climate Change by Julius A. McGee & Patrick T. Greiner, November, 2020
"We find that increases in incarceration within states are associated with
increases in industrial emissions, and that increases in incarceration lead
to a more tightly coupled association between gross domestic product per
capita & industrial emissions."
- Disparities in Medication Use for Criminal Justice System-Referred Opioid Use Disorder Treatment by J. Travis Donahoe, Julie M. Donohue, & Brendan K. Saloner, September, 2024
"49% of individuals referred to opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment by
noncriminal justice sources received MOUD. A total of 34% of individuals
referred to treatment by criminal justice sources received the same
treatment."
- Prescription Patterns in Jails Before and Since the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multisite Serial Cross-Sectional Investigation by Amber H. Simpler, William Jett, Abdullah Ahsan, & Yash Arun Patade, August, 2024
"[From 2019-2023], the number of prescriptions in jails for various drug
classes [grew], particularly central nervous system agents (13.5% to
17.7%)...The increase in prescriptions points toward a growing demand for
managing pain, psychiatric conditions..."
- Health, Access to Care, and Financial Barriers to Care Among People Incarcerated in US Prisons Paywall :( by Emily Lupton Lupez, Steffie Woolhandler, David U. Himmelstein, et al, August, 2024
"Of pregnant people [in state prison] with a co-pay greater than 1 week's
[prison] wage, 12% had no obstetrical examination and 62% had no pregnancy
education [after admission to prison]."
- Peer Education as a Tool to Improve Health Knowledge for People Who Are Incarcerated: A Secondary Analysis of Data From the Indiana Peer Education Program ECHO by Andrea D. Janota, Patrick F. Hibbard, Meghan E. Meadows, et al, August, 2024
"Training individuals who are [in prison in Indiana] as peer educators on
relevant public health topics increases health knowledge and behavior
intentions and likely results in improvements in personal and public health
outcomes."
- End-of-Life Care Planning: Perspectives of Returning CitizensPaywall :( by Erin Kitt-Lewis & Susan J. Loeb, April, 2024
"Most of the participating returning citizens [in the qualitative study] did
not have even a basic understanding of advanced directives/care planning."
- The aging prison population: Causes, costs, and consequences by Prison Policy Initiative, August, 2023
"According to the most recent data on local jails in the U.S., from
2020-2021 ...the segment of the jail population aged 55+ grew by a greater
proportion than any other age group, 24% compared to an average increase of
15% across all other ages."
- The Perils of Late-Night Releases by Sandra Susan Smith, June, 2024
"Within 185 of the 200 most populated cities in the United States, there are
141 jails. Of the 141 jails, 131 release during the late night and only 10
do not."
- Racial/ethnic disparities in police recovery of stolen property: A previously unexplored facet of police/victim interactionPaywall :( by Alexander J. Vanhee, October, 2024
"Analyses of victim race suggested that Black, Asian, and Native American
victims were all less likely to have their property recovered than white
ones."
- National Burden of Injury and Deaths From Shootings by Police in the United States, 2015-2020 by Julie A. Ward, Javier Cepeda, Dylan B. Jackson, et al, March, 2024
"A total of 1769 people were injured annually (2015-2020) in shootings by
police, 55% fatally. When a shooting injury occurred, odds of fatality were
46% higher following dispatched responses than police-initiated responses."
- Does pretrial detention influence time until re-involvement with the criminal legal system? by Ian A. Silver, Jason Walker, Matthew DeMichele, et al, September, 2024
"Spending 2-3 days, 3-7 days, & >7 days in pretrial detention was associated
with an increased probability of a new criminal arrest & new violent
criminal arrest earlier...compared to spending 0-1 day in pretrial
detention."
- Not an alternative: The myths, harms, and expansion of pretrial electronic monitoring by Prison Policy Initiative, October, 2023
"Jail populations in many jurisdictions have remained essentially the same
or have even increased while [electronic monitoring] usage has skyrocketed,
significantly increasing the total number of people under surveillance."
- Two years after the end of Roe v. Wade, most women on probation & parole have to ask permission to travel for abortion care by Prison Policy Initiative, June, 2024
"In all, 41 states have some kind of abortion ban in place, whether "total
bans" or bans based on gestational duration. In every one of these states,
standard conditions of probation and/or parole require permission to travel
out of state or county."
- Association between willingness to use an overdose prevention center and probation or parole status among people who use drugs in Rhode Island by Michael Tan, Carolyn Park, Jacqueline Goldman, et al, February, 2024
"Most participants (71%) reported willingness to use an overdose prevention
center (OPC), and... willingness to use an OPC did not vary by
probation/parole status."
- No Release: Parole grant rates have plummeted in most states since the pandemic started by Prison Policy Initiative, October, 2023
"In the 29 states for which we collected 2022 parole approval data, only 8
had grant rates above 50% - Connecticut, Idaho, Massachusetts, Nevada,
North Dakota, Utah, Vermont, and Wyoming."
- Do Parole Technical Violators Pose a Safety Threat? An Analysis of Prison MisconductPaywall :( by Erin A. Orrick & Robert G. Morris, November, 2019
"Based on the official disciplinary records from male inmates readmitted to
prison for technical violations and new offenses, technical violators were
found to be significantly less likely to engage in any form of prison
misconduct."
- Mortality Disparities Among Arrestees by Race, Sentencing Disposition, and Place by George Zuo, Beau Kilmer, & Nancy Nicosia, July, 2024
"In terms of racial disparities, all-cause mortality risk was 2.37 (95% CI,
1.95-2.88) times higher for American Indian/Alaska Native than White
arrestees in the arrest-only disposition."
- Bias, Distrust, and Trauma Racial Disparities in Boston Residents' Experiences with Law Enforcement and Related Outcomes by Sandra Susan Smith, May, 2024
"With few exceptions, Black Bostonians experience disparate treatment by law
enforcement within categories of gender, age, educational attainment,
neighborhood of residence, and income status."
Visit our full Research Library to find over 4,000 additional reports, sorted by category.
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