20 reports on drug policy, guns, policing, pretrial detention, and more.

Criminal Justice Research Library for September 30, 2024 Bringing you the latest in empirical research about mass incarceration

We've The Prison Policy Initiative has added 20 new reports to the Research Library [[link removed]]: Community Impact [[link removed]] Coordinating Safety: Building and Sustaining Offices of Violence Prevention and Neighborhood Safety [[link removed]] by Vera Institute of Justice, November, 2023

"Most offices of violence prevention or neighborhood safety focus specifically on community and gun violence, with a smaller number also focusing on other forms of interpersonal violence." Drug Policy [[link removed]] The Real Causes and Solutions to Public Suffering, Including Public Drug Use [[link removed]] by Drug Policy Alliance, January, 2024

"In your reporting, we encourage you to prioritize the people most directly impacted by the government failures... rather than the people whose lives are disrupted by the discomfort of witnessing this public suffering in their day to day lives." This issue brief is intended for journalists who report on public drug use and related policies in U.S. cities. Education [[link removed]] Participation and Outcomes in SUNY College-in-Prison Programs [[link removed]] by Office of Higher Education in Prison, State University of New York, November, 2023

"After falling 55 percent in 2020-2021 from their peak in 2018-2019, total credits earned by incarcerated students were 23 percent below their pre-pandemic level in 2021-2022." Are Schools in Prison Worth It? The Effects and Economic Returns of Prison Education [[link removed]] by Ben Stickle & Steven Sprick Schuster, October, 2023

"Vocational education is somewhat more practical than ABE or secondary education, leading to a 15.6% decrease in the odds ratio for recidivism, but...College programs are especially effective tools for decreasing recidivism." General [[link removed]] Ten Principles on Reducing Mass Incarceration [[link removed]] by American Bar Association Working Group on Building Public Trust in the American Justice System, August, 2022

"It is imperative that jurisdictions across the country reverse the devastating trend of mass incarceration and, in so doing, focus these efforts on reducing disparities in incarceration." Gun Control [[link removed]] U.S. Youth Attitudes on Guns [[link removed]] by American University's Polarization & Extremism Research & Innovation Lab (PERIL), July, 2023

"59% of participants agreed that gun safety laws should be stricter. Yet about 40% of youth reported at least "somewhat easy" access to a gun, with 21% reporting "very easy" access to a gun." Health impact [[link removed]] Race-Specific Risk Factors for All-Cause, Natural, and Unnatural Deaths Among Individuals Released from [Minnesota] State Prison [[link removed]] by Minnesota Department of Corrections, March, 2023

"Both all-cause mortality and mortality due to specific causes of death were much higher among individuals released from [Minn.] state prison than among the general population." Climate Change and Incarcerated Populations: Confronting Environmental and Climate Injustices Behind Bars [[link removed]] by Emily C. Gribble and David N. Pellow, June, 2022

"[We] focus on the brutal conditions incarcerated firefighters and natural disaster workers face while confronting year-round wildfire season as well as in the aftermath of climate-linked industrial accidents and weather events." Hell and High Water: How Climate Change Can Harm Prison Residents and Jail Residents, and Why COVID-19 Conditions Litigation Suggests Most Federal Courts Will Wait-And-See When Asked to Intervene [[link removed]] by Paloma Wu and D. Korbin Felder, June, 2022

"Prison and jail residents in most parts of the country will have difficulty using the courts to obtain preliminary relief to prevent climate-related injuries and harms." Delayed Cancer Diagnosis and Management, Washington Department of Corrections [[link removed]] by Office of the Corrections Ombuds, Washington State, January, 2021

"These cases demonstrate the need to improve several care delivery processes within DOC, to ensure the best possible outcomes for patients with a cancer diagnosis." Tombstone Towns and Toxic Prisons: Prison Ecology and the Necessity of an Anti-prison Environmental Movement [[link removed]]Paywall :( by Elizabeth A. Bradshaw, July, 2018

"The failure of the Environmental Protection Agency to consider prisoners within federal environmental justice guidelines facilitates continued harm for this vulnerable population." Incarceration Rates Growth Causes [[link removed]] The Prison Bust: Declining carceral capacity in an era of mass incarceration [[link removed]]Paywall :( by Jacob Harris et al., November, 2023

"We use novel data capturing the universe of prison closures (N = 188) from 2000 to 2022." Police and Policing [[link removed]] A Large-Scale Study of the Police Retention Crisis [[link removed]] by Ben Grunwald, June, 2024

"The increase in [police leaving their jobs] after the summer of 2020 was smaller, later, less sudden, and possibly less pervasive than the retention-crisis narrative suggests." Pretrial Detention [[link removed]] Evaluating Bail Reform in New York's Justice Courts [[link removed]] by The John F. Finn Institute for Public Safety, January, 2024

"In cases targeted by bail reform, sentence severity declined. Among misdemeanors resulting in conviction, jail sentences declined from 11% in 2018 to 6% in 2021." Probation and parole [[link removed]] The Carceral Home [[link removed]] by Kate Weisburd, January, 2024

"A fifty-state analysis of court supervision rules...reveal[s] the extent of targeted invasions of intimate life in the name of rehabilitation or an alternative to prison, rendering the home a highly surveilled space." Race and ethnicity [[link removed]] "They Need to Go in There": Criminalized Subjectivity among Formerly Incarcerated Black Men [[link removed]] by Lucius Couloute, January, 2024

"When explicitly asked about what they would say to powerful state officials, these Black men argued for (1) increased criminal justice transparency, (2) improved prison conditions, (3) additional reintegrative supports..." Recidivism and Reentry [[link removed]] Housing security among people with criminal records: A focus on landlords [[link removed]] by Dr. Lucius Couloute and Kacie Snyder, September, 2023

"These data suggest that landlord decision-making processes may be structured by broadly stigmatizing ideas around the incompetence or dangerousness of criminalized applicants, even when such stereotypes are unsubstantiated or disproven." Sentencing Policy and Practices [[link removed]] Still Cruel and Unusual: Extreme Sentences for Youth and Emerging Adults [[link removed]] by Sentencing Project, August, 2024

"Many of the 8,600 individuals [who were under 18 at offense serving life and virtual life sentences] have already served decades...beyond their risk to public safety." Sexual offenses [[link removed]] Responding to Crimes of a Sexual Nature: What We Really Want Is No More Victims [[link removed]] by Sentencing Project, January, 2024

"Compared to a decade ago, individuals convicted of rape or sexual assault are serving more time in prison prior to release...If this pattern persists over time, it will have a compounding effect on the size of the prison population." Women [[link removed]] Global governance and climate stress of incarcerated women: the case of the U.S [[link removed]]Paywall :( by Daniela Jauk-Ajamie, November, 2022

"This paper takes the United States as a case study on the gendered implications of hyper-incarceration in the age of climate emergency." Please support our work [[link removed]]

Our work is made possible by private donations. Can you help us keep going? We can accept tax-deductible gifts online [[link removed]] or via paper checks sent to PO Box 127 Northampton MA 01061. Thank you!

Other news: Mass incarceration is on the ballot [[link removed]]

Election Day is right around the corner. While presidential campaigns get most of the attention from the news media, many lesser-known down-ballot races can have a much more dramatic impact on criminal legal system reform in America.

To assist voters, we put together a guide explaining how 19 of the most common elected offices they'll be asked to vote for [[link removed]] can help turn the page on mass incarceration in America.

Pushing back on bogus claims from politicians [[link removed]]

Candidates are falling back on an old tactic: Making spurious claims that “crime is up” and pitching more jail and prison time as solutions to social problems.

Ahead of the election, we've pulled together the facts about crime, homelessness, drugs, and more [[link removed]] to help you push back on these bogus claims.

Please support our work [[link removed]]

Our work is made possible by private donations. Can you help us keep going? We can accept tax-deductible gifts online [[link removed]] or via paper checks sent to PO Box 127 Northampton MA 01061. Thank you!

Our other newsletters General Prison Policy Initiative newsletter ( archives [[link removed]]) Ending prison gerrymandering ( archives [[link removed]])

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