| | | | By Bülent Baykal and Özlem Özdemir Squeezed between countries such as Iraq and Syria on one side and the European Union on the other, Turkey has for years contended with varied types of mixed migration. While hosting the world's largest refugee population, the country has also sought to crack down on irregular migration and human smuggling, which officials fear empower criminal and militant groups. As part of this effort, the government has installed a three-meter-high wall along much of the borders with Syria and Iran, arrested a record 10,500 migrant smugglers in 2023, and signed cooperation agreements with the European Union, among other steps. This article, from key insiders, offers insights into Turkey's enforcement priorities. |
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| | | By Nasibul Hoque Many migrant farmworkers in Italy work under exploitative conditions that some critics describe as modern-day slavery. This can occur after asylum seekers and other migrants who originally hope to transit Italy for other destinations end up stuck in the country and struggle to secure access to legal status and work authorization. While Italian migration policy has generally become more restrictive, policymakers also have sought to provide some legal certainty, especially for agricultural workers. This article explains the trends. |
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| | Immigration is about so much more than statistics. Yet often, numbers are the primary way that migration patterns, dynamics, and other developments are expressed. It is not hard to understand why. Raw numbers are a relatively straightforward way to explain how many people are moving from one place to another, their role in the labor market, the pathways they are using, their encounters with migration authorities, and more. But there are limitations to reducing migration—a phenomenon that is among the most human of behaviors—to simple arithmetic. Numbers cannot adequately capture why people are moving, or what impact their movement has in deeper societal and cultural ways. When displayed without context, numbers can be deployed misleadingly to inflame political debate (intentionally or not). Even for those with the best of intentions, using accurate migration statistics is more difficult than it might seem. Context and nuance matter greatly. And statistics often sort people into neat little boxes, while realities are far more complex. Legal systems place people into categories such as labor migration, family reunification, or humanitarian protection, but individuals’ motivations are multifaceted and often span categories. These tensions are perhaps clearest in the realm of humanitarian protection, when the requirement to demonstrate a protection need that outweighs other factors is central to one’s ability to get status. But they are present elsewhere, too. Even if someone is arriving on a family visa, they may also be hoping to find a well-paying job and send their kid to a good school. Moreover, migration data are rarely the result of an actual headcount. Especially for historical migrations and in conflict zones or other fragile contexts, calculations are educated estimates. They might also be developed by governments or other organizations that hold different definitions—for example, some countries include the foreign-born offspring of their nationals in their emigrant totals. And in enforcement contexts, statistics tend to represent the number of actions taken, not the actual number of unique individual migrants encountered. Of course, data are a core part of our work at the Migration Policy Institute and that of other migration-focused organizations globally, and they offer an important window into the complex story of international migration. Our Migration Data Hub showcases a wealth of statistics on migration worldwide. And virtually every article in the Migration Information Source uses some sort of numbers. That is not going to change. But it is important to remember that numbers tell only part of the story. Best regards, Julian Hattem
Editor, Migration Information Source
[email protected] |
| | | Beyond the “Black Jobs” Controversy: Immigrants and U.S.-Born Black Workers Share a Growing Jobs Pie
By Valerie Lacarte U.S. Legal Pathways for Mexican and Central American Immigrants, by the Numbers
By Ariel G. Ruiz Soto and Andrew Selee Managing the Expectations of Refugees and Other People in Need of International Protection in Sponsorship and Complementary Pathways Programs (including translations in Catalan, Dutch, French, German, Italian, and Spanish available from the landing page)
By Roberto Cortinovis Approaches to Matching in Sponsorship and Complementary Pathways for Refugees and Other People in Need of International Protection (translations in Catalan, Dutch, French, German, Italian, and Spanish)
By Roberto Cortinovis Supporting Volunteer Engagement in Sponsorship and Complementary Pathways for Refugees and Other People in Need of International Protection (translations in Catalan, Dutch, French, German, Italian, and Spanish)
By Roberto Cortinovis Monitoring and Evaluation in Sponsorship and Complementary Pathways for Refugees and Other People in Need of International Protection (translations in Catalan, Dutch, French, German, Italian, and Spanish)
By María Belén Zanzuchi |
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| | "To meet the oil boom’s labor needs, Guyana could most directly turn to three major labor supply sources: the Guyanese diaspora, Venezuelan migrants, and CARICOM nationals." |
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"Well more than 300 celebrities have engaged in some sort of refugee-focused aid work." |
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"As the Moroccan economy has grown, and entry to Europe has become increasingly difficult, more African migrants have settled in the country rather than continue on to Europe or return to their countries of origin." |
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| | Wendy Pearlman’s The Home I Worked to Make: Voices from the New Syrian Diaspora is based on hundreds of interviews conducted over more than a decade. Journalist Alice Driver documents how a deadly chemical accident and the COVID-19 pandemic affected foreign-born workers at a U.S. chicken processing plant, in Life and Death of the American Worker: The Immigrants Taking on America's Largest Meatpacking Company. In Unexpected Encounters: Migrants and Tourists in the Mediterranean, anthropologist Francesco Vietti examines interaction between natives, migrants, and tourists in Southern Europe. Forced Migration in Transit: Migrant Experiences of Organized Violence in Mexico and Turkey compares the trajectories of migrants in two key transit countries, by Ludger Pries, Stephanie Schütze, Ximena Alba Villalever, and Berna Safak Zülfikar Savci. Theresa Delgadillo explores the interrelationships of people of African descent in the Western Hemisphere in Geographies of Relation: Diasporas and Borderlands in the Americas. Care in a Time of Humanitarianism: Stories of Refuge, Aid, and Repair in the Global South, edited by Arzoo Osanloo and Cabeiri deBergh Robinson, highlights traditions of care for forced migrants. |
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| | The Migration Information Source is a publication of the Migration Policy Institute, a nonpartisan, nonprofit think tank in Washington, DC, and is dedicated to providing fresh thought, authoritative data, and global analysis of international migration and refugee trends. |
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| | Copyright © 2024 Migration Policy Institute. All Rights Reserved.
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