Jesus wasn’t from Capernaum, but it became His base of operations for perhaps the last eighteen months to two years of His ministry. With a population of 1,500, it was a thriving town on the northern shore of the Sea of Galilee.
It was also, not coincidentally, a hotbed of zealot activity. Between the kind of men he called as His disciples, and the place where He chose to base His ministry, Jesus had something to say to the zealots. We should listen.
Zealots change the world. The question, of course, is in what way they will change it—for better or for worse.
In the first century, there were perhaps three different kinds of “zealots” operating in Judea
generally, and in Capernaum specifically.
There were the Romans, who were zealous for the “pax Romana”—the peace of Rome. Of course, it was a “peace” based on their undisputed power. Refusing to accept peace on their terms was met with brutal force.
There were the Herodians, who were nominally Jewish by birth but zealous for their own niche of comfort which they had achieved by being Roman appeasers. Distinctly different were the Pharisees, as much a political party as a religious sect. They were zealous for a rigid interpretation of the Mosaic law that empowered them. Like the Herodians, they were happy to collaborate with Rome as a convenient means to that end.
And then there were the actual Jewish Zealots. Many
of them were zealous for independence from Rome, zealous for liberation from the appeasers placed over them. Some were not-so-secretly zealous for power, while others were truly zealous for the righteousness of God.
Among Jesus’ 12 disciples, there was a zealous Roman appeaser (the tax collector named Matthew) and a power-seeking zealot (known helpfully as Simon the Zealot). The rest fell somewhere in between. Several rings out from that circle of Jesus’ relationships was even a Roman centurion, who seemed to follow Jesus from a distance.
But make no mistake, they were zealots, one and all.
Jesus was directing the zeal of these people, demonstrating the proper kind of zealotry that changes the world for the better. His Sermon on the
Mount, delivered not far from Capernaum, is a clarion call for directing our zeal upward to God and outward in service of our fellow man.
Unfortunately, not enough of the zealots in Capernaum were listening. Jesus eventually denounced the population of the city in Matthew 11 by saying, “For if the mighty works done in you had been done in Sodom, it would have remained until this day. But I tell you that it will be more tolerable on the day of judgment for the land of Sodom than for you.”
What kind of zealot will we be? One that is assured of our own righteousness, serving ourselves, and destroyed by a quest for power?
Or, one that obeys God and zealously serves His people?
Zealots
undeniably change the world. So, again, what kind will you be?