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Issue Number:? ? FS-2024-24Inside This IssueMisleading social media advice leads to false claims for Fuel Tax Credit, Sick and Family Leave Credit, household employment taxes; FAQs help address common questions, next steps for those receiving IRS letters The Internal Revenue Service issued alert IR-2024-139 about a series of scams and inaccurate social media advice. Social media schemes led to thousands of inflated refund claims during the past tax season. The IRS has increased its compliance efforts related to false and/or questionable credits.? These FAQs are being issued to provide general information to taxpayers and tax professionals as expeditiously as possible. Accordingly, these FAQs may not address any particular taxpayer?s specific facts and circumstances, and they may be updated or modified upon further review.? Background The IRS warns taxpayers not to fall for these scams centered around the Fuel Tax Credit, the Sick and Family Leave Credit, household employment taxes and overstated withholding. The IRS has seen thousands of dubious claims come in where it appears taxpayers are claiming credits for which they are not eligible, leading to refunds being delayed and the need for taxpayers to show they have legitimate documentation to support these claims.? The IRS continues to urge taxpayers to avoid these scams as myths continue to persist that these are ways to obtain a huge refund. Many of these scams were highlighted during this spring?s annual?Dirty Dozen?series, including the?Fuel Tax Credit?scam, bad?social media?advice and ?ghost preparers.?? The IRS reminds taxpayers to keep these important points in mind:?
General information? Q1. What happens when the IRS identifies suspicious refund claims?? A1. Some taxpayers may receive a letter 5747C and/or 4883C/5071C with instructions to verify their identity and tax return information so we can continue processing their tax return. Even after this verification, questionable refunds will continue to be held until credit eligibility is verified. Examples of frequently abused claims include:?
Q2. What should you do if you receive one of these letters from the IRS, identifying your tax return as requiring authentication and/or being potentially frivolous??
A2. Taxpayers in receipt of a 3176C letter should follow the directions on the correspondence. Taxpayers receiving these letters may have previously received a 5747C letter, 5071C letter or 4883C letter. In this instance, disregard the 5747C, 5071C or 4883C. Do not visit a Taxpayer Assistance Center (TAC) or try to authenticate online or over the phone. Instead, follow the directions in the 3176C letter. ? Q3. What actions are needed to avoid legal consequences?? A3.
Q4. What are the legal consequences for filing a frivolous return?? A4.
Q5. What is the Fuel Tax Credit?? A5. The Fuel Tax Credit is a tax credit claimed for various non-taxable use of fuel. It is meant for off-highway business, farming, aviation and commercial fishing use. As such, it is not available to most taxpayers. Taxpayers may be asked to provide specific documentation on their occupation and fuel receipts to verify eligibility.? Q6. What happens if you fall victim to a Fuel Tax Credit scam?? A6. If you claim an amount of Fuel Tax Credit that is disproportionate to the income reported on the return or file a claim reflecting an impossible quantity of fuel for the occupation reported, you are subject to an IRC 6702(a) penalty of $5,000 for each return claiming an improper credit. For additional information, refer to Instructions for Form 4136.? Q7. What is the Sick and Family Leave Credit for self-employed individuals?? A7. The Sick and Family Leave Credit was enacted in March 2020, the Families First Coronavirus Response Act (FFRCA) intended to help the United States combat COVID-19 by providing small and midsize employers refundable tax credits that reimburse them, dollar-for-dollar, for the cost of providing paid sick and family leave wages to their employees for leave related to COVID-19. The FFCRA also created equivalent refundable sick and family leave credits for self-employed individuals based on the individual?s average daily self-employment income and a specified number of days during the tax year that an individual was unable to perform services as a self-employed individual due to reasons related to COVID-19.? To be eligible, taxpayers must:?
Q8. What are the two primary variations of the Sick and Family Leave Credit scheme?? A8.
Q9. What is the Overstated Withholding scam?? A9. The Overstated Withholding scam is a recent scheme circulating on social media encouraging people to use tax software to manually fill out a Form W-2, Wage and Tax Statement, or other information returns, for example Form 1099-NEC or other Form 1099s listed below, to include false income and withholding information. In this Overstated Withholding scheme, scam artists suggest people make up large income and withholding amounts as well as the fictional employer supplying those amounts. Scam artists then instruct people to file the bogus tax return electronically, in hopes of getting a substantial refund due to the large amount of fraudulent withholding.? The IRS verifies the withholding claimed on tax returns. If the IRS cannot verify the wages, income or withholding credits entered on the tax return, the tax refund will be held pending further review. Taxpayers should always file a complete and accurate tax return. Utilize legitimate information returns, such as Form W-2 issued from an employer, to complete returns correctly.? There are multiple variations of the overstated withholding credit scheme, including but not limited to the following forms or schedules:
? Additional details on these Frequently Asked Questions? Because these FAQs have not been published in the Internal Revenue Bulletin, they will not be relied on or used by the IRS to resolve a case. Similarly, if an FAQ turns out to be an inaccurate statement of the law as applied to a particular taxpayer?s case, the law will control the taxpayer?s tax liability.? Nonetheless, a taxpayer who reasonably and in good faith relies on these FAQs will not be subject to a penalty that provides a reasonable cause standard for relief, including a negligence penalty or other accuracy-related penalty, to the extent that reliance results in an underpayment of tax. Any later updates or modifications to these FAQs will be dated to enable taxpayers to confirm the date on which any changes to the FAQs were made. Additionally, prior versions of these FAQs will be maintained on IRS.gov to ensure that taxpayers, who may have relied on a prior version, can locate that version if they later need to do so.
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