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CEO Picks - The best that international journalism has to offer!

S6

How AI is rewriting Silicon Valley's relationship with the Pentagon
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This article is an installment of Future Explored, Freethinks weekly
guide to world-changing technology. You can get stories like this one
straight to your inbox every Saturday morning bysubscribing here.Its
2035. After decades of investment, the US military now has AI systems
integrated throughout its operations. Autonomous drones, tanks, and
fighter jets enhance US defenses, while leading (hopefully) to fewer
civilian casualties and collateral damage. Thats one future, anyway.

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S1

A new model for defining life across the Universe
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Its pretty easy to see that a rock and a chipmunk are different. The
rock doesnt do much of anything except erode slowly. The chipmunk, on
the other hand, is a flurry of activity. It endlessly scans its
environment in search of food or danger. And when either one shows up,
the chipmunk is quick to react. At a more fundamental level, however,
what really is the difference between the inanimate rock and the very
animate chipmunk? Whats the difference at the level of mathematical
physics and chemistry?This question lies at the heart of a three-day
workshop on Information-Driven States of Matter that Ill be co-hosting
along with Gourab Ghoshal and Artemy Kolchinsky next week at the
University of Rochester. I am really looking forward to the meeting,
and today I want to give you a preview of some of the topics well be
exploring since they are bound to drive future columns.

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S2

Ask Ethan: Is it all-or-nothing for the expanding Universe?
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One of the most remarkable revelations in our understanding of the
cosmos is the fact that the Universe is expanding. Distant galaxies,
on average, all appear to recede from us, with faster and faster
recession speeds for galaxies that exist at greater distances. While
individual objects and systems may be gravitationally bound together
stars and planets, galaxies, plus galaxy groups and clusters the space
between these structures is not only expanding today, but has been
expanding for all 13.8 billion years of cosmic history, and will
continue to expand indefinitely far into the future as well.But is the
expanding Universe truly an all-or-nothing proposition? Are there
exceptions to the expanding Universe, and is collapse a scenario thats
been ruled out entirely? Thats the question plaguing the mind of
Patreon supporter Brent Minder, who wants to know:

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S3

We're lonelier than ever -- and there's one big reason
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Thanks to modern-day social media, its easier than ever to connect
with the people you care about. But is this really the case? Professor
Arthur Brooks discusses how social media is actually harming our
ability to socialize, and proposes a way to fix it.Oxytocin, the
bonding neuropeptide in our brains, needs eye contact and touchthings
we dont get from Zoom or social media. This lack leaves us feeling
hungrier for connection, which only fuels the loneliness epidemic, and
causes us to further distance ourselves from others.

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S4

How neutrinos offer clues to the matter-antimatter puzzle
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If you go to the zoo, you will find a dizzying variety of animals some
familiar and some completely strange. The same is true of researchers
trying to study matters smallest components. While the proton,
neutron, and electron are familiar, the subatomic zoo is inhabited by
many entirely unfamiliar particles. In a recent result announced at a
conference in Italy by researchers at the Fermi National Accelerator
Laboratory, the properties of a ghostly particle called a neutrino are
coming into focus.Neutrinos are the wraiths of the subatomic world,
able to pass through the entire Earth with just a small chance of
interacting. They are most commonly produced in nuclear reactions,
which means that each of us encounters a steady rain of neutrinos
coming from the biggest nuclear reactor: the Sun. Every second,
something like 100 billion neutrinos pass through you. That sounds
scary, but the neutrinos low probability of interacting with matter
means that during your entire life perhaps only one of them will stop
inside your body.

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S5

This travel vlogger crossed the Dari
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As a tall Greek man in his mid-twenties, Timmy Karter stands out from
most of the migrants risking their lives to cross the Darin Gap, a
100-mile-long, 30-mile-wide undeveloped jungle separating Colombia and
Panama. Unlike the migrants, Karter isnt there in the hope of one day
starting a better life in the United States. Hes a YouTuber who
travels to the worlds most dangerous and desolate places, sharing his
experiences with an audience of nearly 400,000 subscribers.Karter has
explored the favelas of Rio de Janeiro, met with the cocaine mafia in
Nicaragua, and braved the streets of Latin Americas murder capital,
San Salvador. However, crossing the Darin Gap has to be the riskiest
project hes ever undertaken and likely ever will. During the five-day
journey through the jungle alongside YouTuber Benjamin Rich, better
known as Bald and Bankrupt, he had to ward off injury, disease,
starvation, dehydration, wildlife, and the watchful eyes of the
Colombian cartel, who financially extort the already impoverished
migrants colloquially known as caminantes, or walkers in exchange for
their dubious protection.

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S7

Starts With A Bang podcast #107 - Binary stars and modified gravity
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On the largest of cosmic scales, the best description we have of our
Universe is known as the CDM model with an inflationary hot Big Bang:
our consensus cosmology. It tells us that we have a Universe
consistent with being made of about 5% normal matter, a little bit of
radiation in the form of photons, around 0.1% neutrinos, and the rest
made of the mysterious dark matter (~27%) and dark energy (~68%).
Governed by General Relativity, this explains what we see on Solar
System scales, where dark matter and dark energy are negligible, and
on cosmic scales, where dark matter and dark energy are important.But
on in-between scales, we arent quite sure that this same consensus
cosmology leads to a very successful description. Its long been known
that, on galactic scales, rotating galaxies appear to obey a different
force law: MOND, for MOdified Newtonian Dynamics. In MOND, the
traditional Newtonian acceleration is replaced, at very low
accelerations, by a combination of the Newtonian acceleration with a
fundamental new parameter, which prevents accelerations from dropping
too far below a certain value: around ~10-10
meters-per-second-squared. If this deviation is real, it should show
up someplace else: in pairs of stars separated by large distances, a
class of systems known as wide binaries.

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S8

T-Minus: SpaceX's Starship vs. Boeing's Starliner
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This is T-Minus, where Freethinks Kristin Houser breaks down the
biggest developments in space, from new rocket launches to discoveries
that advance our understanding of the universe and our place in it.
Humanity is reaching new heights in space exploration. Make sure youre
part of the journey bysubscribing here.First, Boeing delivered two
astronauts to the International Space Station (ISS) in its Starliner
capsule on June 5, marking the spacecrafts first mission with people
on board.

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S9

How AI Can Change the Way Your Company Gets Work Done
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AI offers many ways to enhance a companys overall internal
capabilities and skills. AI can be used to infer skills from employee
profiles and their activity. AI can be used to classify learning
content and make it more applicable and accessible for the whole
workforce, as well as making learning more personalized to each
individual. AI can be used to summarize, recommend, and augment
learning content. GenAI, in particular, can be used by the worlds
billion knowledge workers to boost performance, right in the flow of
work. Research shows that GenAI can get knowledge work done25% faster
and 40% better.This article covers several ways that corporations,
teams, and individuals can drive internal growth by enhancing
organizational capabilities. Early signs are that double-digit growth
via GenAI is eminently possible.

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S10

Getting Project Management Right
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Many of us manage projectseven if project manager isnt in our official
job title. We try to learn the basics as we go: how to manage multiple
stakeholders, adapt as circumstances change, and set realistic
deadlines. Its not easy, and its no wonder that people get certified
in project management: its a discipline thats surprisingly deep, from
planning to close-out.

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S11

Microsoft: A Case Study in Strategy Transformation
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In early 2015, Microsofts senior leaders were facing a set of
difficult decisions. The firm had been struggling to innovate and grow
as fast as its competitors. Now they were considering new
opportunities that would yield higher growth but lower margins like
shifting away from perpetual licensing to focus on subscription sales.

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S12

Research: How Family Motivates People to Do Their Best Work
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Family is one of themost important thingsin most peoples lives,
acrosscultures and geographies. Yet, the idea that family can be
motivational at work has been overlooked. Instead, in the past, family
has been mostly seen ascompeting with workfor an employees finite
resources, like their time and energy. A large body of research
onwork-family conflict drew on this notion and illustrated how work
and family domains create conflicting demands and interfere with one
another. And yet, theres another growing body of research that finds
that family can play a role in motivation at work, boosting employees
performance and inspiring them to do their best. This article focuses
on that body of research, and discusses how organizations that embrace
family at work stand to benefit from attracting and retaining
employees who are highly motivated and engaged.

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S13

How to Salvage a Useful Process That Isn't Working Anymore
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It is a familiar story in health care and many other settings: the
performance of an innovative process deteriorates over time. Instead
of automatically discarding it, organizations should understand the
causes. They may then decide to redesign and reimplement the process.
Using the reimplementation of a surgical checklist at Singapore
General Hospital as an example, this article explains how to conduct a
reimplementation.

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S14

How Indian Companies Are Using Technology to Reach New Consumers
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A couple of years ago, I was standing on a platform in the New Delhi
train station and noticed several men watching a big Mumbai-Delhi
cricket match on a crystal-clear video feed streaming from their smart
phones. The service worked as well as any live stream I could pull up
at home in Austin, Texas. Yet in some ways the scene was right out of
the 19th century the air was dusty and hot; there were far more
passengers waiting than benches for them to sit on; and it was
impossible to ignore all the aromas that waft through Indias public
spaces.

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S15

Find the Right Job Using This "Dinosaur" Diagnostic
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Most young professionals only consider two factors when looking for
their next position: job function and industry. Not enough people are
considering the stage of their potential employers company life cycle.
Too often a cause of career derailment is being in the wrong stage
perhaps youre unable to thrive in the hierarchy of a mature company or
uncomfortable in the pants-on-fire atmosphere of an early-stage
startup. This dinosaur diagnostic can help young professionals enhance
their success in finding the right job.

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S16

How to Be Alone Without Being Lonely
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Studies show that loneliness can lead to feelings of anxiety and
depression. But there are ways to combat loneliness even when youre
alone. The first step is to acknowledge any feelings or signs of
loneliness, such as a sense of emptiness, excessive procrastination,
insomnia, and others. Pay attention to what you read and watch, and
understand how it may be impacting your thinking. Invest your time in
something constructive, like a creative project or an online course.
Or, find a way to care or provide for others. These activities will
give you a sense of purpose, autonomy, and achievement. Continue to
reach out to your colleagues and friends virtually, keeping up as many
normal interactions as you can. But use technology wisely utilize
tools like social media to have meaningful conversations instead of
comparing yourself to others.

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S17

Was Your Internship Cancelled? Take Advantage of Virtual Internships.
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The 2020 job market is rife with challenges. Budgets are being
tightened across industries and continents. Youre also keenly aware
that these changes have created fewer paid opportunities. As many
companies have shifted priorities at this time, onsite internships
have either been eliminated or gone fully virtual.

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S18

How to Launch a Startup in the Post-Covid Era
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Economic downturns, although challenging, can provide an opportunity
for launching new companies and products. Raising capital for a
startup during a recession can be difficult. If your goal is to
fundraise within the next year, start by asking yourself if your
product or business is still relevant in the current environment. Do
your research figure out if potential investors are adventurous or
conservative, and be transparent with them about your company and the
challenges you may be facing. Rely on a board of advisors with
experience in running startups to provide guidance. Manage cash
cautiously and set your organization up for survival. But have a plan
ready for post-crisis growth.

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S19

Recent Grads Are Drowning in Uncertainty. Here's How to Stay Afloat.
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There are nearly fifty million twentysomethings in the United States,
most of whom are living with a staggering, unprecedented amount of
uncertainty.And now, millions of new would-be workers have graduated,
without the pomp and circumstance, into a global pandemic and likely
recession.Research shows that, rather than long for certainties that
do not exist, the best way to adapt to uncertainty is to change how we
think about it and to find a way to keep moving. If youre feeling
stuck, you should try to avoid mental time-travel, build identity
capital, resist reassurance, forget regret, and build healthy habits.

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S20

The Yellowstone supervolcano destroyed an ecosystem but saved it for
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Death was everywhere. Animal corpses littered the landscape and were
mired in the local waterhole as ash swept around everything in its
path. For some, death happened quickly; for others, it was slow and
painful.

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S21

Alaska's top-heavy glaciers are approaching an irreversible tipping
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The melting of one of North Americas largest ice fields has
accelerated and could soon reach an irreversible tipping point. Thats
the conclusion of new research colleagues and I have published on the
Juneau Icefield, which straddles the Alaska-Canada border near the
Alaskan capital of Juneau.

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