The Tuskegee Airmen, named after the place they trained, were a group of black pilots in the US Army Air Corps. Between 1941-1946 nearly 1,000 pilots were trained at Tuskegee Institute (founded in 1881 by Booker T. Washington). These pilots formed the 99th Fighter Squadron and were sent overseas in 1942, with their first combat experience occurring on June 2, 1943 on Pantelleria, an Italian island. In July 1944, three all-black squadrons were joined together to make up the 332nd Fighter Group. Known for the red paint on the tails of their planes, the 332nd were nicknamed "Red Tails."
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