S 1165 is a bill that proposes amendments to title XIX of the Social Security Act, allowing states to provide medical assistance to inmates during the 30-day period before their release. The proposal aims to enhance health coverage and transition back into the community for individuals who are newly released from correctional facilities. As part of the proposal, the Medicaid and CHIP Payment and Access Commission is required to submit a report to Congress 18 months after enactment, outlining standards for health and safety, the types of healthcare provided to inmates, the physical conditions under which this healthcare is provided, as well as other observations such as assessments of access, Medicare and Medicaid conditions, and state licensing standards. The bill also calls for recommendations on additional legislative or administrative actions to ensure comprehensive health coverage for inmates and those recently released.