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THIS WEEK IN PEOPLE’S HISTORY, FEB 13–19  
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_ The Original Bill of Rights (in 1689), OSHA Comes of Age (1974),
Shake, Rattle, and Roll (1954), A Win for Black Studies in Dixie
(1969), FBI Frame-Up Falls Apart (1999), Compensation for Black Lung
(1969), A Rare Espionage Act Acquittal (1919) _

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_THE ORIGINAL BILL OF RIGHTS_

335 YEARS AGO, on February 13, 1689, a long struggle between the
British Parliament and the monarchy culminated in Parliament's making
an explicit declaration of its primacy, known as the Bill of Rights
1689. Almost exactly a century later, the United States ratified its
own Bill of Rights, the first ten amendments to its Constitution.
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_OSHA COMES OF AGE_

50 YEARS AGO, on February 14, 1974, the 2-year-old U.S. Occupational
Safety and Health Administration (a mere toddler in the bureaucratic
landscape) faced one of its first regulatory emergencies and swung
into action. Until this day, OSHA had, for the most part, been
enforcing health-related regulations that it had "inherited" from a
non-governmental organization, the American Conference of Governmental
Industrial Hygienists. Feb. 14, 1974, was different, because OSHA had
just learned that the US chemical industry had been concealing an ugly
secret: chemical workers were dying because a major raw material for
making plastic -- vinyl chloride -- was an potent carcinogen. The
Manufacturing Chemists Association had known about the hazard for
years, but had been keeping the information secret. Only 58 days later
(lightening speed for a major bureaucracy), OSHA had written and began
to enforce an emergency regulation that gave thousands of chemical
workers a chance to live long enough to collect a pension. 

_SHAKE, RATTLE, AND ROLL_

70 YEARS AGO, on February 15, 1954, Big Joe Turner made the first
recording of "Shake, Rattle, and Roll" for Atlantic Records. It was
soon a big hit in Phoenix, Arizona, where it introduced me and many of
my friends to what was, for us, a brand-new musical genre.
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_A 1969 WIN FOR BLACK STUDIES IN DIXIE_

55 YEARS AGO, on February 16, 1969, many months of student
demonstrations and building take-overs at North Carolina's Duke
University could take credit for a major victory: the administration
agreed to establish a Black studies program, the first of its kind at
a university in the Old South.
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_FBI FRAME-UP FALLS APART_

25 YEARS AGO, on February 17, 1999, the frame-up of Black Panther
Party leader Geronimo Pratt that had been engineered by the FBI and
the Los Angeles Police Department came to an end, at last. Pratt, who
had been imprisoned 27 years for a murder he did not commit, had been
let out of prison in May 1997, when his conviction was overturned, but
he was not truly free until February 1999 when the Los Angeles
district attorney announced that he would not attempt to try Pratt
again because there was no evidence against him. Pratt's conviction
had been overturned when the court ruled that prosecutors should have
disclosed that their main witness was a 4-time felon and paid FBI
informer. According to a later-disclosed FBI document, Pratt had been
targeted by the FBI's COINTELPRO operation, which aimed to "neutralize
Pratt as an effective BPP functionary," according to an FBI document.
Later, Pratt sued the FBI and LAPD for false imprisonment and received
a $4.5 million settlement. As a free man, Pratt  dedicated his life
to working for those wrongfully incarcerated. He died in June 2011.
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_COMPENSATION AT LAST FOR BLACK LUNG_

55 YEARS AGO, on February 18, 1969, 282 West Virginia coal miners
started a wildcat strike to demand that Black Lung Disease, otherwise
known as coalworker's pneumoconiosis, be recognized as a compensable
occupational disease. The strike, which spread until more than 40,000
West Virginia miners were out, forced West Virginia's governor to sign
Black Lung compensation legislation. Not too long after, Congress
passed the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act.
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_A RARE ESPIONAGE ACT ACQUITTAL_

105 YEARS AGO, on February 19, 1919, the Socialist journalist Scott
Nearing became one of the few activists to be acquitted of the charge
of violating the Espionage Act by openly opposing U.S. participation
in World War 1.
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* U.S. history
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* OSHA
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* rock and roll
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* Black Studies
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* COINTELPRO
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* Coal Miners
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* Espionage Act of 1917
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