The gangs, once a dominant criminal force, have been pummeled during the most aggressive security crackdown ever seen in El Salvador. Sweeping arrests have decimated gang ranks. Gang members not in jail have scattered to nearby countries or gone into hiding. The gangs have all but vanished from the streets, relinquishing strategic territories and lucrative extortion rackets they had controlled for decades.
But remnants of the gangs remain, and there are questions about whether they could eventually mutate into new criminal groups or reclaim territories if and when the crackdown eventually eases.