How To Make The Forbes 400 List: Go Into One Of These 2 Industries | Did Humans Ever Live in Peace? | This Is How To Thrive In Your First 100 Days As A Female CEO | These parasitic plants force their victims to make them dinner

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How To Make The Forbes 400 List: Go Into One Of These 2 Industries - Forbes

From car dealerships to hair care products to fried chicken sandwiches, there are many routes to becoming a billionaire. But some roads make for an easier path to The Forbes 400 list of the richest people in America than others.

In fact, nearly half of these 400 moguls amassed their wealth from just two industries: technology or finance and investments, which together have put 181 people on the 2023 ranking, worth a collective $2.5 trillion.

There are more finance and investment billionaires than people from any other sector on this year’s list. In all, 112 listees (28% of The Forbes 400) got rich on Wall Street, managing money for others or making shrewd investments themselves. The richest remains Warren Buffett (worth an estimated $121 billion), as shares of his conglomerate Berkshire Hathaway are sitting near all-time highs. Other prominent finance and investment billionaires include Bloomberg LP cofounder Michael Bloomberg ($96.3 billion), Fidelity CEO Abigail Johnson ($25.5 billion) and Apollo cofounder Leon Black ($12 billion). Seven new members of the list come from this industry, including VC firm Thrive Capital’s Josh Kushner ($3.6 billion) and Seth Boro, Scott Crabill and Holden Spaht, three of the managing partners of private equity firm Thoma Bravo ($3.3 billion each). In all, these 112 money moguls are worth $1 trillion, up from 108 people in 2022 worth $856 billion.

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Did Humans Ever Live in Peace? - The Atlantic

For millions of years, the river Ebro has sloshed south from Spain’s jagged Cantabrian Mountains, carving out a broad valley that is now home to one of the country’s most fertile wine regions. Between its sprawling vineyards, the landscape rises steeply to hilltop medieval towns. Laguardia is the best known, on account of its high walls, cobblestones, and cavernous wine cellars. But the town’s rustic grandeur conceals a deep history of violence. More than 2,000 years ago, Celtic tribes fought a decades-long series of wars in this region, part of a brutal last stand against the invading Romans—and for Laguardia, even those conflicts were of relatively recent vintage.

Some years ago, just outside the town walls, workmen at a construction site were operating a bulldozer when one of them spotted bones sticking up through the disturbed earth. Archaeologists were dispatched to the scene. Careful brushwork revealed not one human skeleton but 90, along with pieces of more than 200 others, all dated to a little more than 5,000 years ago. A new analysis of the site led by the archaeologist Teresa Fernández-Crespo places these bones among the most spectacular finds in the anthropology of human warfare—but far from the oldest.

For nearly a century, anthropologists have wanted to know how long people have been engaged in organized group violence. It’s not some idle antiquarian inquiry. For many, the question bears on human nature itself, and with ruinous wars ongoing in Europe, the Middle East, and elsewhere, it has become more resonant. If warring among humans began only recently, then we might be able to blame it on changeable circumstances, cultural or otherwise. If, however, some amount of war has been with us since our species’s origins, or earlier in our evolutionary history, it may be difficult to excise it from the human condition.

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This Is How To Thrive In Your First 100 Days As A Female CEO - Forbes

When it comes to female CEOs, there is progress to be celebrated. Women now steer the ships of more than 10% of Fortune 500 companies - a first for 2023 - with one of those companies being in the top 10. And whilst a third of those appointments happened in the last year alone (signaling real momentum in the push for parity) we need to acknowledge the hurdles these leaders still face - namely, that they’re still more likely to be ‘pushed out’ of the role than men.

We know this thanks to Exechange’s trademarked Push-out Scoring System, which stems from academic research on executive turnover. This is a metric, ranging from 0 to 10, that serves as a gauge to determine the likelihood of a chief executive leaving voluntarily (0) or being forcibly removed (10), with anything above 5 indicating potential external pressures. Most of the time when a C-Suite executive leaves a role, we’re fed the line that they ‘stepped down,’ but this doesn’t explain the full story. The amount of choice in the matter is up for debate, as they usually choose to jump before being pushed and are rarely openly fired.

This pattern is consistent with the recent findings for women. Notably, over the last year, outgoing female CEOs received an average score of 6.5, surpassing the 6.1 average for their male counterparts and meaning they were more likely to be pushed out. Female CEOs also tend to have a notably shorter tenure—4.7 years on average—compared to the 8.1 years of male CEOs. A 2018 study published in the Journal of Management corroborated these findings, stating that female CEOs were 45% more likely to be fired than their male counterparts.

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These parasitic plants force their victims to make them dinner - Popular Science

Two parasitic plants in a new study are losing genes related to photosynthesis and other plant functions as they continue their food-sucking habits.

By Laura Baisas | Published Sep 21, 2023 11:00 AM EDT

Parasitic plants make up about 1 percent of flowering species within the plant kingdom and their quirks and tricks continue to come with surprises. Some parasitic plants are now potentially evolving to be so dependent on their host plants, that they are losing sizable amounts of genomes related to basic biological processes like photosynthesis. The findings are described in a study published September 21 in the journal Nature Plants.

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