| | | | By Brad D. Jokisch For a small country in South America, Ecuador has come to play an unexpectedly central role in many of the Western Hemisphere's migration trends. The Andean nation has emerged as a significant destination for Venezuelan migrants, and is also a sizable origin for people heading to the United States and Spain. This country profile makes sense of recent trends and puts them in historical context. |
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| By Muzaffar Chishti, Kathleen Bush-Joseph, and Colleen Putzel-Kavanaugh The Biden administration has settled on a playbook for managing irregular migration: tight rules determining eligibility for humanitarian protection, new legal pathways as an alternative, and reliance on partner nations to help halt migrants long before they reach U.S. territory. The strategy has helped increase the number of migrants coming through legal channels at the U.S.-Mexico border. Early indications suggest it may also be having an impact in the Caribbean, amid the highest maritime migration in a generation. This article details the policy approach and the context. |
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| | | | By Ayhan Kaya Turkey’s status as the world’s largest refugee-hosting country has at times been a source of pride, a geopolitical tool, and a logistical challenge for the country. The millions of Syrians who have arrived since 2011 comprise just one part of Turkey’s rich and complex migration history. Over the last century, Turkey has been a destination for migrants of all types, an origin for workers and others abroad, and a transit country primarily for people heading to the European Union. This article provides a sweeping overview of the history, 100 years after the republic's founding. |
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| | | Por Brad D. Jokisch Ecuador se ha convertido en un destino importante para los migrantes sudamericanos, un país de tránsito para quienes se dirigen al norte y una fuente renovada de emigración. El pequeño país andino se ha visto enredado en las tendencias cambiantes de movilidad de la región y ha respondido a las circunstancias cambiantes con una combinación de políticas que ha producido algunos resultados imprevistos. |
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| | On first glance, it may seem that the Americas are entering a golden age of regional collaboration on international movements. Sixteen months after the signing of the Los Angeles Declaration on Migration and Protection—a potentially watershed document bringing together 21 countries across the Western Hemisphere—there are emerging signs that the region is prioritizing collaborative approaches to an unprecedented era of hemispheric migration. The Mexican government convened a dozen Latin American leaders in Mexico City last month to focus on ways to manage movements throughout the region. This Friday, U.S. President Joe Biden will host several South American leaders at the White House to discuss migration and economic growth. On the ground, there also are emerging signs of a coordinated focus. Perhaps the clearest example is the rollout of Safe Mobility Offices (SMOs), previous known as Regional Processing Centers. These offices in Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, and soon Ecuador are meant to allow individuals to be vetted closer to home for humanitarian protection and other legal migration routes to Canada, Spain, and the United States. Yet it would be too soon to claim that regional approaches to migration management and humanitarian protection will predominate, as countries continue to engage in unilateral approaches that can have spillover effects on their neighbors. Leaders in Panama recently expressed frustration with counterparts in Colombia for failing to sufficiently engage on the Darien Gap, a treacherous and remote strip of jungle between the two countries. And lack of cooperation from countries such as Nicaragua, still a geopolitical foe of the United States and other hemispheric heavyweights, is affecting migration patterns. Nicaragua’s Ortega regime is seemingly seeking to score a diplomatic bargaining chip against the United States by adapting its visa and arrival policies to allow migrants to arrive and quickly pass through en route to northern destinations. Major questions remain unresolved, including whether countries can deliver on the promise of the SMOs. It is difficult to imagine how the Western Hemisphere could reach a moment of true calm on the migration front while severe displacement remains ongoing, particularly from Venezuela, Haiti, Cuba, and Nicaragua. As the world’s largest economy and a magnet for immigration due to plentiful jobs and pre-existing immigrant communities, the United States has an outsize role to play in steering future regional conversations. Yet presidential elections next year could result in a dramatic change in U.S. posture, if Biden loses re-election—a reality neighboring governments must be keeping in mind. So, it is too soon to celebrate a grand shift from unilateral actions to collaborative approaches on migration in the Western Hemisphere. But a change has certainly begun. Whether it will bear fruit could take years, if not decades, to determine. Best regards, Julian Hattem
Editor, Migration Information Source
[email protected] |
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| | "Unlike UNHCR, UNRWA cannot resettle refugees; it describes its mandate as to assist and protect Palestinians ‘pending a just and lasting solution to their plight.'" |
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"A record 1.9 million migrants have entered the United States, received authorization to do so, or are present via a twilight immigration status that does not automatically confer any path to permanent residence but temporarily shields recipients from deportation for at least one year, and in many cases offers permission to work legally." |
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"Driven by government repression and a struggling economy, large numbers of well-educated Iranians have left their country in the years since the 1979 revolution." |
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| | Former U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security Michael Chertoff discusses the intersection of climate change, migration, and national security in the latest episode of MPI’s Changing Climate, Changing Migration podcast. Molyvos: A Greek Village's Heroic Response to the Global Refugee Crisis, by John Webb, documents one community’s efforts to rescue migrants in the Mediterranean in the run-up to the 2015-16 European migration and refugee crisis. Christian Leuprecht and Todd Hataley are the editors of Security. Cooperation. Governance: The Canada-United States Open Border Paradox, which examines policies along the world’s longest border. Glenda R. Carpio makes the case for a new paradigm for immigrant fiction in Migrant Aesthetics: Contemporary Fiction, Global Migration, and the Limits of Empathy. In Partners in Gatekeeping: How Italy Shaped U.S. Immigration Policy over Ten Pivotal Years, 1891–1901, Lauren Braun-Strumfels examines the role of Italian immigration to the United States during a formative era. Documentary photographer Colin Boyd Shafer provides images of the diverse and complex U.S. immigrant population in Finding American: Stories of Immigration from All 50 States. |
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| JOURNAL INVITING SUBMISSIONS |
| Editors of the Melbourne Journal of International Law, Australia’s premier generalist international law journal, are inviting submissions for volume 25 (1). The Melbourne Journal of International Law is a peer-reviewed academic journal based at the University of Melbourne's Melbourne Law School, which publishes innovative scholarly research and critical examinations of issues in international law. The deadline for submissions is January 31, 2024. Submissions and inquiries should be directed to [email protected]. More information is available here. |
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| | The Migration Information Source is a publication of the Migration Policy Institute, a nonpartisan, nonprofit think tank in Washington, DC, and is dedicated to providing fresh thought, authoritative data, and global analysis of international migration and refugee trends. |
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| | Copyright © 2023 Migration Policy Institute. All Rights Reserved.
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