'Godfather of AI,' ex-Google researcher: AI might 'escape control' by rewriting its own code to modify itself | How Family Estrangement May Benefit Trauma Survivors | How Would We Know There's Life on Earth? This Bold Experiment Found Out | Crows Perform Yet Another Skill Once Thought Distinctively Human

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'Godfather of AI,' ex-Google researcher: AI might 'escape control' by rewriting its own code to modify itself - CNBC

Geoffrey Hinton, the computer scientist known as a "Godfather of AI," says artificial intelligence-enhanced machines "might take over" if humans aren't careful.

Rapidly-advancing AI technologies could gain the ability to outsmart humans "in five years' time," Hinton, 75, said in a Sunday interview on CBS' "60 Minutes." If that happens, AI could evolve beyond humans' ability to control it, he added.

"One of the ways these systems might escape control is by writing their own computer code to modify themselves," said Hinton. "And that's something we need to seriously worry about."

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How Family Estrangement May Benefit Trauma Survivors - Psychology Today

As the lines between real and fake blur, Americans increasingly chase the idea of authenticity. The first step may be to consider self-knowledge, truthfulness, and other building blocks on the road to personal growth.

Posted June 11, 2023 | Reviewed by Gary Drevitch

It’s been years since I’ve seen or spoken to my mother, and it was one of the best decisions of my life.

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How Would We Know There’s Life on Earth? This Bold Experiment Found Out - Scientific American

Thirty years ago, astronomer Carl Sagan convinced NASA to turn a passing space probe’s instruments on Earth to look for life — with results that still reverberate today

It began the way many discoveries do — a tickling of curiosity in the back of someone’s mind. That someone was astronomer and communicator Carl Sagan. The thing doing the tickling was the trajectory of NASA’s Galileo spacecraft, which had launched in October 1989 and was the first to orbit Jupiter. The result was a paper in Nature 30 years ago this week that changed how scientists thought about looking for life on other planets.

The opportunity stemmed from a tragic mishap. Almost four years before Galileo’s launch, in January 1986, the space shuttle Challenger had exploded shortly after lift-off, taking seven lives with it. NASA cancelled its plans to dispatch Galileo on a speedy path to Jupiter using a liquid-fuelled rocket aboard another space shuttle. Instead, the probe was released more gently from an orbiting shuttle, with mission engineers slingshotting it around Venus and Earth so it could gain the gravitational boosts that would catapult it all the way to Jupiter.

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Crows Perform Yet Another Skill Once Thought Distinctively Human - Scientific American

Scientists demonstrate that crows are capable of recursion—a key feature in grammar. Not everyone is convinced

Crows are some of the smartest creatures in the animal kingdom. They are capable of making rule-guided decisions and of creating and using tools. They also appear to show an innate sense of what numbers are. Researchers now report that these clever birds are able to understand recursion—the process of embedding structures in other, similar structures—which was long thought to be a uniquely human ability.

In a study of monkeys and human adults and children published in 2020, a group of researchers reported that the ability to produce recursive sequences may not actually be unique to our species after all. Both humans and monkeys were shown a display with two pairs of bracket symbols that appeared in a random order. The subjects were trained to touch them in the order of a “center-embedded” recursive sequence such as { ( ) } or ( { } ). After giving the right answer, humans received verbal feedback, and monkeys were given a small amount of food or juice as a reward. Afterward the researchers presented their subjects with a completely new set of brackets and observed how often they arranged them in a recursive manner. Two of the three monkeys in the experiment generated recursive sequences more often than nonrecursive sequences such as { ( } ), although they needed an additional training session to do so. One of the animals generated recursive sequences in around half of the trials. Three- to four-year-old children, by comparison, formed recursive sequences in approximately 40 percent of the trials.

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