[Alabama tries to ban the NAACP in 1956. Freedom Summer under the
gun in 1964. Cigarette health warning in 1965. Protesters killed in DC
in 1932. "Fight for 15" in 2013. Federal health insurance for some in
1965. Black Power in 1966.]
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THIS WEEK IN PEOPLE’S HISTORY, JULY 25 – 31  
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_ Alabama tries to ban the NAACP in 1956. Freedom Summer under the
gun in 1964. Cigarette health warning in 1965. Protesters killed in DC
in 1932. "Fight for 15" in 2013. Federal health insurance for some in
1965. Black Power in 1966. _

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_JUL 25, 1956._ A state court in Montgomery, Alabama, finds the NAACP
in contempt of court and fines the organization $10,000.  The case
against the NAACP started in June, when the Alabama Attorney General
asked the court to ban the NAACP because its activities were "causing
irreperable injury to the property and civil rights of the residents
and citizens of the state of Alabama." The NAACP managed to appeal the
matter to the U.S. Supreme Court, which ruled unanimously that the
NAACP's activities in Alabama were protected by the 14th Amendment.
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_JULY 26, 1964._ Attacking at multiple locations in the Mississippi
Delta, racists use dynamite, tear gas and fire bombs in an attempt to
terrorize supporters the Freedom Summer voter registration drive. They
firebomb buildings being used by voter registration workers, including
a house in Hattiesburg, the Rose Hill Church and another house, both
near McComb. Two sticks of dynamite are also thrown at the house near
McComb, but they don't explode. In Batesville, tear gas forces a
family and three civil rights activists to leave the protection of the
house. In Mileston a car belonging to voter registration workers is
firebombed. In Greenwood, the home of a local civil rights activist is
hit by rifle fire. Also in Greenwood, hooded men break into a
television studio of and assaulted an announcer.
    The day of violence was far from unique then and there. A month
earlier, three civil rights activists -- Michael Schwerner, James
Chaney and Andrew Goodman -- had been kidnapped. In late July their
fate was still unknown, but their bodies were discovered a week later.
Eventually 18 people, including a county Sheriff and his Deputy, were
arrested. Seven of them, including the deputy, were convicted, but not
for murder.  [link removed]

_JULY 27, 1965._ President Lyndon Johnson signs Federal Cigarette
Labeling and Advertising Act of 1965, which requires “Caution:
Cigarette Smoking May Be Hazardous to Your Health” printed on
cigarette packages, the world's first mandatory tobacco warning label.
Public-health advocates are sharply critical of the bill, because it
does not include a proposed requirement that the health warning be
included in cigarette advertising and it specifically denies the
Federal Trade Commission authority to require such a warning.
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_JULY 28, 1932. _Two protesters are killed by U.S. Army troops in
Washington, D.C. The protesters, most of who are unemployed because of
the Great Depression, belong to what is called the Bonus Army, 43,000
people who are camped out in the capital to back up their demand that
the government pay a bonus to World War I veterans before it is due.
 The Hoover administration, which was deaf to their demands, ordered
the Army to evict them by force if necessary.
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_JULY 29, 2013 (10 YEARS AGO). _Some 2200 fast-food workers in seven
U.S. cities go on strike, demanding to be paid $15 an hour. The
strike, which is the first in a series of similar walk-outs, is a
short-term failure but has a positive long-term impact. Today the
minimum wage is at least $15 California, Connecticut, Massachusetts,
New York, Seattle and Washington, D.C. By 2026, the minimum wage will
be $15 in another six states -- Delaware, Florida, Illinois, Maryland,
New Jersey and Rhode Island. Unfortunately, thanks to inflation, the
purchasing power of a dollar is 31 percent less that it was in
2013.    [link removed]

_JULY 30, 1965. _President Lyndon Johnson signs the law that creates
the Medicare and Medicaid programs, the first national healthcare
program in the U.S. Many people who had been calling for national
health insurance for half a century were disappointed that the program
only covered the elderly and the very poor, but they were pleased to
have won that much.
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_JULY 31, 1966._ In a Detroit speech, Stokely Carmichael becomes one
of the first civil rights movement leaders to advocate the objective
of Black Power. As he put it later,  "It is a call for black people
in this country to unite, to recognize their heritage, to build a
sense of community. It is a call for black people to define their own
goals, to lead their own organizations."
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* U.S. history
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* National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
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* Bonus Army
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* mississippi freedom summer
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* cigarettes
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* Fight For 15
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* Medicare
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* Medicaid
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* Black Power
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* Stokley Carmichael
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