Tragedies sometimes end quietly or without national fanfare, like on June 19, 1865, when Union forces arrived by ship in Galveston Bay to finally enforce the end of slavery, thereby officially terminating the immoral practice all across the United States.
Major General Gordon Granger, who had served courageously during the Civil War, was given command of Texas. Arriving in the port city, he read and delivered what was known as General Order Number 3:
“The people [of Texas] are informed that, in accordance with a proclamation from the Executive of the United States, all slaves are free. This involves an absolute equality of personal rights and rights of property between former masters and slaves, and the connection heretofore existing between them becomes that between employer and hired labor. The freedmen are advised to remain [quietly] at their present homes and work for wages.”
Keep in mind, Texas slaves, who numbered over 250,000, were unaware the war had even ended two months earlier. Nearly 3,750,000 other slaves had been emancipated after the South surrendered to the North.
Understandably, the announcement in Galveston was met with great emotion and celebration as word spread across the state. At first, the day was almost exclusively celebrated by black Americans. Known as “Juneteenth” — a colloquial term — it was also called “Freedom Day” or “Emancipation Day.” Juneteenth became a national holiday in 2021. |