| From | Our Children's Trust <[email protected]> |
| Subject | Historic Trial Concludes TOMORROW! |
| Date | June 20, 2023 3:47 AM |
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pkI=3D.
Hi friends,
Witnesses for the defense took the stand today in Held v. State of Montana=
!
Trial is now expected to conclude mid-morning TOMORROW!
Youth plaintiff Rikki in court next to Nate Bellinger, Senior Staff Attorne=
y with Our Children=E2=80=99s Trust (Photo by Robin Loznak)
=20
Testimony from State Witnesses
Witnesses for the state of Montana who testified today included Christopher=
Dorrington, Sonja Nowakowski, and Dr. Terry Anderson.=20
The first witness to testify was Christopher Dorrington, Director of the Mo=
ntana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ). According to Mr. Dorringto=
n, the DEQ=E2=80=99s role is to implement the laws of Montana regarding env=
ironmental concerns.=20
During cross examination by Melissa Hornbein, Senior Attorney with Western =
Environmental Law Center (WELC) and co-counsel for the youth plaintiffs, Mr=
. Dorrington was asked if he would agree that the activities the DEQ permit=
s contribute to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Montana. He replied affir=
matively, explaining that the DEQ conducts permitting activities that allow=
industry and individuals to engage in activities that emit GHG emissions. =
DEQ, he said, does not create the laws, but is tasked with implementing the=
m.
=20
Supporters cheer on the youth as they arrive at the courthouse (Photo by Ro=
bin Loznak)
=20
The second witness of the day was Sonja Nowakowski, Administrator for the A=
ir, Energy, and Mining Division at Montana DEQ. Ms. Nowakowski repeatedly s=
tated that DEQ is not allowed to deny permits for fossil fuel activities ev=
en though they are contributing to climate change and are harming the envir=
onmental life support system of the youth. She also admitted that DEQ could=
perform an analysis of the environmental impacts of greenhouse gas emissio=
ns in Montana on climate change, but that the law prohibits them from doing=
so.
Ms. Nowakowski said, =E2=80=9CThe state might have to have some difficult c=
onversations about transportation, agriculture, but fossil fuel activities =
are the largest contributor in Montana.=E2=80=9D
=20
Phil Gregory, attorney for the youth plaintiffs, questions Dr. Terry Anders=
on on cross examination (Photo by Robin Loznak)
=20
The final state witness of the day was Dr. Terry Anderson, an economist and=
Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution at Stanford University and emeritu=
s professor at Montana State University. He presented a brief testimony, an=
swering questions from defense attorneys related to Energy Information Admi=
nistration data on GHG emissions.
=20
During cross examination, Philip Gregory, Of Counsel with Our Children's Tr=
ust, asked about errors in math and misinterpretation of data in Dr. Anders=
on=E2=80=99s expert report. The state initially objected, stating the quest=
ion exceeded the scope. However, attorneys for the youth plaintiffs argued =
that the cross examination went to credibility of the witness.
=E2=80=9CAre you going to show me the numbers are wrong?"=20
Judge Seeley asked Mr. Gregory.
=E2=80=9CYes, absolutely,=E2=80=9D Mr. Gregory proclaimed. =E2=80=9C100% wr=
ong."
=20
Youth plaintiffs arrive for their sixth day of trial (Photo by Robin Loznak=
)
=20
The State declined to call to the stand its single climate science witness,=
Judith Curry; its only mental health witness, Debra Sheppard; and a number=
of other government witnesses.
=20
=20
Trial Will Conclude Tomorrow Morning!
The state is expected to rest their case in the morning, followed by closin=
g arguments. Don=E2=80=99t miss the conclusion of this historic trial! Go t=
o bit.ly/MTClimateTrial to learn how you can attend or watch LIVE.
=20
Onward,
The Team at Our Children=E2=80=99s Trust
=20
DONATE TODAY AND YOUR GIFT WILL BE MATCHED!
=20
Copyright =C2=A9 2023 Our Children's Trust. All rights reserved.
OCT is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit. EIN # 27-3094382
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<!--[if mso]><center><![end-if]-->
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ak-word; width: 564px; padding-left: 24px; padding-right: 24px; border-coll=
apse: collapse; padding-top: 24px; padding-bottom: 24px;"><p style=3D"color=
: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin=
: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin=
-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;">Hi friends,</p> <p class=3D"align-cent=
er" style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; =
padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin=
-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;"><span style=3D"fon=
t-size: 15pt; color: #09b29d;"><strong>Witnesses for the defense took the s=
tand today in <em><a style=3D"text-decoration: none; font-family: Geo=
rgia,serif; font-weight: inherit; padding: 0; text-align: left; line-height=
: 1.5; color: #09b29d;" title=3D"Held v. State of Montana" href=3D"[link removed]
api.neonemails.com/emails/tracking/click-link/wyErfxkp-hTpS5NeUDi70_CgqZUNw=
os_85PG4eEHpkI=3D/38Fp3pwYC9AL_d-rFZXgVa4IzjBgL3kFw3VfMysqPu0=3D" target=3D=
"_blank" rel=3D"noopener"><span style=3D"text-decoration: underline;">Held =
v. State of Montana</span></a></em>!</strong></span></p> <p class=3D"align-=
center" style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 4=
00; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; ma=
rgin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;"><span style=3D=
"font-size: 15pt; color: #054570;"><strong>Trial is now expected to conclud=
e mid-morning TOMORROW!</strong></span></p>=20
<figure class style=3D"margin: 0 0 1rem; Margin: 0 0 1rem;">
<!--[if mso]><center><![end-if]-->
<img class=3D"align-center" src=3D"[link removed]
t.app.neoncrm.com/neon/resource/ourchildrenstrust/images/Mont_%20Day%206%20=
010.JPG" alt=3D"Mont_%20Day%206%20010.JPG" width=3D"600" align=3D"center" s=
tyle=3D"outline: none; text-decoration: none; -ms-interpolation-mode: bicub=
ic; max-width: 100%; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto; Margin: 0=
auto; float: none; text-align: center; height: auto;"><!--[if mso]></cente=
r><![end-if]-->
</figure> <p class=3D"align-center" style=3D"color: #3c4144;=
font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margi=
n: 0; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom=
: 10px; text-align: center;"><span style=3D"font-size: 11pt; color: #000000=
;"><em>Youth plaintiff Rikki in court next to Nate Bellinger, Senior Staff =
Attorney with Our Children=E2=80=99s Trust (Photo by Robin Loznak)</em></sp=
an></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight=
: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 12pt;=
line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"> </p> <p=
style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; pad=
ding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 12pt; line-heig=
ht: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style=3D"color: #=
054570; font-size: 15pt;"><strong>Testimony from State Witnesses</strong></=
span></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weig=
ht: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 12p=
t; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style=
=3D"color: #000000;">Witnesses for the state of Montana who testified today=
included Christopher Dorrington, Sonja Nowakowski, and Dr. Terry Anderson.=
</span></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; f=
ont-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-s=
ize: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"><sp=
an style=3D"color: #09b29d;"><span style=3D"color: #000000;">The first witn=
ess to testify was </span><strong>Christopher Dorrington</strong><span styl=
e=3D"color: #000000;">,</span></span><span style=3D"color: #000000;"> Direc=
tor of the Montana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ). According to =
Mr. Dorrington, the DEQ=E2=80=99s role is to implement the laws of Montana =
regarding environmental concerns. </span></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c41=
44; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Ma=
rgin: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom=
: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style=3D"color: #000000;">During cross =
examination by Melissa Hornbein, Senior Attorney with Western Environmental=
Law Center (WELC) and co-counsel for the youth plaintiffs, Mr. Dorrington =
was asked if he would agree that the activities the DEQ permits contribute =
to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Montana. He replied affirmatively, exp=
laining that the DEQ conducts permitting activities that allow industry and=
individuals to engage in activities that emit GHG emissions. DEQ, he said,=
does not create the laws, but is tasked with implementing them.</span></p>=
<p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; =
padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 12pt; line-h=
eight: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"> </p>=20
<figure class style=3D"margin: 0 0 1rem; Margin: 0 0 1rem;">
<!--[if mso]><center><![end-if]-->
<img class=3D"align-center" src=3D"[link removed]
t.app.neoncrm.com/neon/resource/ourchildrenstrust/images/Mont_%20Day%206%20=
035.JPG" alt=3D"Mont_%20Day%206%20035.JPG" width=3D"600" align=3D"center" s=
tyle=3D"outline: none; text-decoration: none; -ms-interpolation-mode: bicub=
ic; max-width: 100%; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto; Margin: 0=
auto; float: none; text-align: center; height: auto;"><!--[if mso]></cente=
r><![end-if]-->
</figure> <p class=3D"align-center" style=3D"color: #3c4144;=
font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margi=
n: 0; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom=
: 10px; text-align: center;"><span style=3D"color: #000000; font-size: 11pt=
;"><em>Supporters cheer on the youth as they arrive at the courthouse (Phot=
o by Robin Loznak)</em></span></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family:=
Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-al=
ign: left; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-b=
ottom: 10px;"> </p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,s=
erif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left;=
font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10p=
x;"><span style=3D"color: #000000;"><span style=3D"color: #09b29d;"><span s=
tyle=3D"color: #000000;">The second witness of the day was </span><strong>S=
onja Nowakowski</strong><span style=3D"color: #000000;">, Administrator for=
the Air, Energy, and Mining Division at Montana DEQ</span></span>. Ms. Now=
akowski repeatedly stated that DEQ is not allowed to deny permits for fossi=
l fuel activities even though they are contributing to climate change and a=
re harming the environmental life support system of the youth. She also adm=
itted that DEQ could perform an analysis of the environmental impacts of gr=
eenhouse gas emissions in Montana on climate change, but that the law prohi=
bits them from doing so.</span></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family=
: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-a=
lign: left; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-=
bottom: 10px;"><span style=3D"color: #000000;">Ms. Nowakowski said, =E2=80=
=9CThe state might have to have some difficult conversations about transpor=
tation, agriculture, but fossil fuel activities are the largest contributor=
in Montana.=E2=80=9D</span></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: G=
eorgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-alig=
n: left; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bot=
tom: 10px;"> </p>=20
<figure class style=3D"margin: 0 0 1rem; Margin: 0 0 1rem;">
<!--[if mso]><center><![end-if]-->
<img class=3D"align-center" src=3D"[link removed]
t.app.neoncrm.com/neon/resource/ourchildrenstrust/images/Mont_%20Day%206%20=
046.JPG" alt=3D"Mont_%20Day%206%20046.JPG" width=3D"600" align=3D"center" s=
tyle=3D"outline: none; text-decoration: none; -ms-interpolation-mode: bicub=
ic; max-width: 100%; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto; Margin: 0=
auto; float: none; text-align: center; height: auto;"><!--[if mso]></cente=
r><![end-if]-->
</figure> <p class=3D"align-center" style=3D"color: #3c4144;=
font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margi=
n: 0; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom=
: 10px; text-align: center;"><span style=3D"color: #000000; font-size: 11pt=
;"><em>Phil Gregory, attorney for the youth plaintiffs, questions Dr. Terry=
Anderson on cross examination (Photo by Robin Loznak)</em></span></p> <p c=
lass=3D"align-left" style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; fo=
nt-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; font-size: 12pt; line-hei=
ght: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: left;">&nbs=
p;</p> <p class=3D"align-left" style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgi=
a,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; font-size: 12p=
t; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: =
left;"><span style=3D"color: #000000;">The final state witness of the day w=
as <span style=3D"color: #09b29d;"><strong>Dr. Terry Anderson</strong></spa=
n>, an economist and Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution at Stanford Un=
iversity and emeritus professor at Montana State University. He presented a=
brief testimony, answering questions from defense attorneys related to Ene=
rgy Information Administration data on GHG emissions.<br> <br>Du=
ring cross examination, Philip Gregory, Of Counsel with Our Children's Trus=
t, asked about errors in math and misinterpretation of data in Dr. Anderson=
=E2=80=99s expert report. The state initially objected, stating the questio=
n exceeded the scope. However, attorneys for the youth plaintiffs argued th=
at the cross examination went to credibility of the witness.</span></p> <p =
class=3D"align-center" style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif;=
font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; font-size: 12pt; line-=
height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;"=
><span style=3D"color: #054570; font-size: 12pt;"><strong>=E2=80=9CAre you =
going to show me the numbers are wrong?" <br>Judge Seeley asked Mr. Gregory=
.</strong></span></p> <p class=3D"align-center" style=3D"color: #3c4144; fo=
nt-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: =
0; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 1=
0px; text-align: center;"><span style=3D"color: #054570; font-size: 12pt;">=
<strong>=E2=80=9CYes, absolutely,=E2=80=9D Mr. Gregory proclaimed. =E2=80=
=9C100% wrong."</strong></span></p> <p class=3D"align-center" style=3D"colo=
r: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margi=
n: 0; Margin: 0; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Ma=
rgin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;"> </p>=20
<figure class style=3D"margin: 0 0 1rem; Margin: 0 0 1rem;">
<!--[if mso]><center><![end-if]-->
<img class=3D"align-center" src=3D"[link removed]
t.app.neoncrm.com/neon/resource/ourchildrenstrust/images/Mont_%20Day%206%20=
036.JPG" alt=3D"Mont_%20Day%206%20036.JPG" width=3D"600" align=3D"center" s=
tyle=3D"outline: none; text-decoration: none; -ms-interpolation-mode: bicub=
ic; max-width: 100%; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto; Margin: 0=
auto; float: none; text-align: center; height: auto;"><!--[if mso]></cente=
r><![end-if]-->
</figure> <p class=3D"align-center" style=3D"color: #3c4144;=
font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margi=
n: 0; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom=
: 10px; text-align: center;"><span style=3D"color: #000000; font-size: 11pt=
;"><em>Youth plaintiffs arrive for their sixth day of trial (Photo by Robin=
Loznak)</em></span></p> <p class=3D"align-left" style=3D"color: #3c4144; f=
ont-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin:=
0; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: =
10px; text-align: left;"> </p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family=
: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-a=
lign: left; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-=
bottom: 10px;"><span style=3D"color: #000000;">The State declined to call t=
o the stand its single climate science witness, Judith Curry; its only ment=
al health witness, Debra Sheppard; and a number of other government witness=
es.</span></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font=
-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size=
: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"> =
</p>=20
<figure class style=3D"margin: 0 0 1rem; Margin: 0 0 1rem;">
<!--[if mso]><center><![end-if]-->
<img class=3D"align-center" src=3D"[link removed]
t.app.neoncrm.com/neon/resource/ourchildrenstrust/images/Copy%20of%20Trial%=
20Webpage%20Blocks%20(1).png" alt=3D"Quote" width=3D"600" align=3D"center" =
style=3D"outline: none; text-decoration: none; -ms-interpolation-mode: bicu=
bic; max-width: 100%; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto; Margin: =
0 auto; float: none; text-align: center; height: auto;"><!--[if mso]></cent=
er><![end-if]-->
</figure> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,s=
erif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left;=
font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10p=
x;"> </p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font=
-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size=
: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"><span =
style=3D"color: #054570;"><strong><span style=3D"font-size: 15pt;">Trial Wi=
ll Conclude Tomorrow Morning!</span></strong></span><br><span style=3D"colo=
r: #000000;">The state is expected to rest their case in the morning, follo=
wed by closing arguments. <strong>Don=E2=80=99t miss the conclusion of this=
historic trial!</strong> Go to <span style=3D"text-decoration: underline;"=
><span style=3D"color: #09b29d; text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a sty=
le=3D"font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: inherit; padding: 0; text-al=
ign: left; line-height: 1.5; color: #09b29d; text-decoration: underline;" t=
itle=3D"bit.ly/MTClimateTrial" href=3D"[link removed]
acking/click-link/wyErfxkp-hTpS5NeUDi70_CgqZUNwos_85PG4eEHpkI=3D/38Fp3pwYC9=
AL_d-rFZXgVTykfRDGpd_AJKri5c7R8Iw=3D" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener">bi=
t.ly/MTClimateTrial</a></strong></span></span><span style=3D"color: #09b29d=
;"><strong> </strong></span>to learn how you can attend or watch LIVE.</spa=
n></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight:=
400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 12pt; =
line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"> </p> <p =
style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padd=
ing: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 12pt; line-heigh=
t: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style=3D"color: #0=
00000;">Onward,</span></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia=
,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: lef=
t; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 1=
0px;"><span style=3D"color: #000000;">The Team at Our Children=E2=80=99s Tr=
ust</span></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font=
-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size=
: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"> =
</p>=20
<table class=3D"button expanded rounded email-button mceNonE=
ditable" style=3D"border-spacing: 0; border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0;=
vertical-align: top; text-align: left; margin: 0 0 16px; Margin: 0 0 16px;=
max-width: 100%; width: 100%;">=20
<tbody>=20
<tr style=3D"padding: 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: =
left;">=20
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color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; m=
argin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; b=
order-collapse: collapse;">=20
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0; border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0; vertical-align: top; text-align:=
left; max-width: 100%; width: 100%;">=20
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gn: left;">=20
<td style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; vertical-align: t=
op; font-family: Georgia,serif; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; backgroun=
d-color: #054570; color: #ffffff; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 18p=
x; font-weight: 400; line-height: 28px; text-align: center; border-radius: =
16px; border: 0 solid #054570;">
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ne; display: inline-block; width: 100%; padding-left: 0; padding-right: 0; =
border-radius: 16px; color: #ffffff; padding: 8px 18px; font-size: 18px; fo=
nt-weight: 400; line-height: 28px; text-align: center; border: 0 solid #054=
570;" title=3D"DONATE TODAY AND YOUR GIFT WILL BE MATCHED!" href=3D"https:/=
/api.neonemails.com/emails/tracking/click-link/wyErfxkp-hTpS5NeUDi70_CgqZUN=
wos_85PG4eEHpkI=3D/38Fp3pwYC9AL_d-rFZXgVUCWMuzYtAKHNPPsyT_-qsE=3D" target=
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p.neoncrm.com/forms/montana" data-text=3D"DONATE TODAY AND YOUR GIFT WILL B=
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rif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; =
font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px=
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t.app.neoncrm.com/neon/resource/ourchildrenstrust/images/OCT%20Icon.png" al=
t=3D"OCT%20Icon.png" width=3D"139" align=3D"center" style=3D"outline: none;=
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xt-align: center; height: auto;"><!-- [if mso]></center><![end-if]-->
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oat: none; text-align: center; height: auto;"><!-- [if mso]></center><![end=
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ord-wrap: break-word; vertical-align: top; color: #3c4144; font-family: Geo=
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------=_Part_11378014_485388451.1687232849375--
------=_Part_11378008_1128923931.1687232849358--
If you're having trouble viewing this email, you can see it online, [link removed].
Hi friends,
Witnesses for the defense took the stand today in Held v. State of Montana!
Trial is now expected to conclude mid-morning TOMORROW!
Youth plaintiff Rikki in court next to Nate Bellinger, Senior Staff Attorney with Our Children’s Trust (Photo by Robin Loznak)
Testimony from State Witnesses
Witnesses for the state of Montana who testified today included Christopher Dorrington, Sonja Nowakowski, and Dr. Terry Anderson.
The first witness to testify was Christopher Dorrington, Director of the Montana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ). According to Mr. Dorrington, the DEQ’s role is to implement the laws of Montana regarding environmental concerns.
During cross examination by Melissa Hornbein, Senior Attorney with Western Environmental Law Center (WELC) and co-counsel for the youth plaintiffs, Mr. Dorrington was asked if he would agree that the activities the DEQ permits contribute to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Montana. He replied affirmatively, explaining that the DEQ conducts permitting activities that allow industry and individuals to engage in activities that emit GHG emissions. DEQ, he said, does not create the laws, but is tasked with implementing them.
Supporters cheer on the youth as they arrive at the courthouse (Photo by Robin Loznak)
The second witness of the day was Sonja Nowakowski, Administrator for the Air, Energy, and Mining Division at Montana DEQ. Ms. Nowakowski repeatedly stated that DEQ is not allowed to deny permits for fossil fuel activities even though they are contributing to climate change and are harming the environmental life support system of the youth. She also admitted that DEQ could perform an analysis of the environmental impacts of greenhouse gas emissions in Montana on climate change, but that the law prohibits them from doing so.
Ms. Nowakowski said, “The state might have to have some difficult conversations about transportation, agriculture, but fossil fuel activities are the largest contributor in Montana.”
Phil Gregory, attorney for the youth plaintiffs, questions Dr. Terry Anderson on cross examination (Photo by Robin Loznak)
The final state witness of the day was Dr. Terry Anderson, an economist and Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution at Stanford University and emeritus professor at Montana State University. He presented a brief testimony, answering questions from defense attorneys related to Energy Information Administration data on GHG emissions.
During cross examination, Philip Gregory, Of Counsel with Our Children's Trust, asked about errors in math and misinterpretation of data in Dr. Anderson’s expert report. The state initially objected, stating the question exceeded the scope. However, attorneys for the youth plaintiffs argued that the cross examination went to credibility of the witness.
“Are you going to show me the numbers are wrong?"
Judge Seeley asked Mr. Gregory.
“Yes, absolutely,” Mr. Gregory proclaimed. “100% wrong."
Youth plaintiffs arrive for their sixth day of trial (Photo by Robin Loznak)
The State declined to call to the stand its single climate science witness, Judith Curry; its only mental health witness, Debra Sheppard; and a number of other government witnesses.
Trial Will Conclude Tomorrow Morning!
The state is expected to rest their case in the morning, followed by closing arguments. Don’t miss the conclusion of this historic trial! Go to bit.ly/MTClimateTrial to learn how you can attend or watch LIVE.
Onward,
The Team at Our Children’s Trust
DONATE TODAY AND YOUR GIFT WILL BE MATCHED!
Copyright © 2023 Our Children's Trust. All rights reserved.
OCT is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit. EIN # 27-3094382
This email was sent to [email protected]. Click here to [link removed].
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
boundary="----=_Part_11378014_485388451.1687232849375"
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/api.neonemails.com/emails/content/wyErfxkp-hTpS5NeUDi70_CgqZUNwos_85PG4eEH=
pkI=3D.
Hi friends,
Witnesses for the defense took the stand today in Held v. State of Montana=
!
Trial is now expected to conclude mid-morning TOMORROW!
Youth plaintiff Rikki in court next to Nate Bellinger, Senior Staff Attorne=
y with Our Children=E2=80=99s Trust (Photo by Robin Loznak)
=20
Testimony from State Witnesses
Witnesses for the state of Montana who testified today included Christopher=
Dorrington, Sonja Nowakowski, and Dr. Terry Anderson.=20
The first witness to testify was Christopher Dorrington, Director of the Mo=
ntana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ). According to Mr. Dorringto=
n, the DEQ=E2=80=99s role is to implement the laws of Montana regarding env=
ironmental concerns.=20
During cross examination by Melissa Hornbein, Senior Attorney with Western =
Environmental Law Center (WELC) and co-counsel for the youth plaintiffs, Mr=
. Dorrington was asked if he would agree that the activities the DEQ permit=
s contribute to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Montana. He replied affir=
matively, explaining that the DEQ conducts permitting activities that allow=
industry and individuals to engage in activities that emit GHG emissions. =
DEQ, he said, does not create the laws, but is tasked with implementing the=
m.
=20
Supporters cheer on the youth as they arrive at the courthouse (Photo by Ro=
bin Loznak)
=20
The second witness of the day was Sonja Nowakowski, Administrator for the A=
ir, Energy, and Mining Division at Montana DEQ. Ms. Nowakowski repeatedly s=
tated that DEQ is not allowed to deny permits for fossil fuel activities ev=
en though they are contributing to climate change and are harming the envir=
onmental life support system of the youth. She also admitted that DEQ could=
perform an analysis of the environmental impacts of greenhouse gas emissio=
ns in Montana on climate change, but that the law prohibits them from doing=
so.
Ms. Nowakowski said, =E2=80=9CThe state might have to have some difficult c=
onversations about transportation, agriculture, but fossil fuel activities =
are the largest contributor in Montana.=E2=80=9D
=20
Phil Gregory, attorney for the youth plaintiffs, questions Dr. Terry Anders=
on on cross examination (Photo by Robin Loznak)
=20
The final state witness of the day was Dr. Terry Anderson, an economist and=
Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution at Stanford University and emeritu=
s professor at Montana State University. He presented a brief testimony, an=
swering questions from defense attorneys related to Energy Information Admi=
nistration data on GHG emissions.
=20
During cross examination, Philip Gregory, Of Counsel with Our Children's Tr=
ust, asked about errors in math and misinterpretation of data in Dr. Anders=
on=E2=80=99s expert report. The state initially objected, stating the quest=
ion exceeded the scope. However, attorneys for the youth plaintiffs argued =
that the cross examination went to credibility of the witness.
=E2=80=9CAre you going to show me the numbers are wrong?"=20
Judge Seeley asked Mr. Gregory.
=E2=80=9CYes, absolutely,=E2=80=9D Mr. Gregory proclaimed. =E2=80=9C100% wr=
ong."
=20
Youth plaintiffs arrive for their sixth day of trial (Photo by Robin Loznak=
)
=20
The State declined to call to the stand its single climate science witness,=
Judith Curry; its only mental health witness, Debra Sheppard; and a number=
of other government witnesses.
=20
=20
Trial Will Conclude Tomorrow Morning!
The state is expected to rest their case in the morning, followed by closin=
g arguments. Don=E2=80=99t miss the conclusion of this historic trial! Go t=
o bit.ly/MTClimateTrial to learn how you can attend or watch LIVE.
=20
Onward,
The Team at Our Children=E2=80=99s Trust
=20
DONATE TODAY AND YOUR GIFT WILL BE MATCHED!
=20
Copyright =C2=A9 2023 Our Children's Trust. All rights reserved.
OCT is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit. EIN # 27-3094382
This email was sent to [email protected]. Click here to [link removed]
ildrenstrust.app.neoncrm.com/np/clients/ourchildrenstrust/unsubscribeEmail.=
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;">=20
<th class=3D"columns small-12 large-12 first last default" st=
yle=3D"word-wrap: break-word; vertical-align: top; color: #3c4144; font-fam=
ily: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; text-align: left; font-si=
ze: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0 auto; Margin: 0 auto; word-break: bre=
ak-word; width: 564px; padding-left: 24px; padding-right: 24px; border-coll=
apse: collapse; padding-top: 24px; padding-bottom: 24px;"><p style=3D"color=
: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin=
: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin=
-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;">Hi friends,</p> <p class=3D"align-cent=
er" style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; =
padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin=
-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;"><span style=3D"fon=
t-size: 15pt; color: #09b29d;"><strong>Witnesses for the defense took the s=
tand today in <em><a style=3D"text-decoration: none; font-family: Geo=
rgia,serif; font-weight: inherit; padding: 0; text-align: left; line-height=
: 1.5; color: #09b29d;" title=3D"Held v. State of Montana" href=3D"[link removed]
api.neonemails.com/emails/tracking/click-link/wyErfxkp-hTpS5NeUDi70_CgqZUNw=
os_85PG4eEHpkI=3D/38Fp3pwYC9AL_d-rFZXgVa4IzjBgL3kFw3VfMysqPu0=3D" target=3D=
"_blank" rel=3D"noopener"><span style=3D"text-decoration: underline;">Held =
v. State of Montana</span></a></em>!</strong></span></p> <p class=3D"align-=
center" style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 4=
00; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; ma=
rgin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;"><span style=3D=
"font-size: 15pt; color: #054570;"><strong>Trial is now expected to conclud=
e mid-morning TOMORROW!</strong></span></p>=20
<figure class style=3D"margin: 0 0 1rem; Margin: 0 0 1rem;">
<!--[if mso]><center><![end-if]-->
<img class=3D"align-center" src=3D"[link removed]
t.app.neoncrm.com/neon/resource/ourchildrenstrust/images/Mont_%20Day%206%20=
010.JPG" alt=3D"Mont_%20Day%206%20010.JPG" width=3D"600" align=3D"center" s=
tyle=3D"outline: none; text-decoration: none; -ms-interpolation-mode: bicub=
ic; max-width: 100%; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto; Margin: 0=
auto; float: none; text-align: center; height: auto;"><!--[if mso]></cente=
r><![end-if]-->
</figure> <p class=3D"align-center" style=3D"color: #3c4144;=
font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margi=
n: 0; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom=
: 10px; text-align: center;"><span style=3D"font-size: 11pt; color: #000000=
;"><em>Youth plaintiff Rikki in court next to Nate Bellinger, Senior Staff =
Attorney with Our Children=E2=80=99s Trust (Photo by Robin Loznak)</em></sp=
an></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight=
: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 12pt;=
line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"> </p> <p=
style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; pad=
ding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 12pt; line-heig=
ht: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style=3D"color: #=
054570; font-size: 15pt;"><strong>Testimony from State Witnesses</strong></=
span></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weig=
ht: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 12p=
t; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style=
=3D"color: #000000;">Witnesses for the state of Montana who testified today=
included Christopher Dorrington, Sonja Nowakowski, and Dr. Terry Anderson.=
</span></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; f=
ont-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-s=
ize: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"><sp=
an style=3D"color: #09b29d;"><span style=3D"color: #000000;">The first witn=
ess to testify was </span><strong>Christopher Dorrington</strong><span styl=
e=3D"color: #000000;">,</span></span><span style=3D"color: #000000;"> Direc=
tor of the Montana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ). According to =
Mr. Dorrington, the DEQ=E2=80=99s role is to implement the laws of Montana =
regarding environmental concerns. </span></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c41=
44; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Ma=
rgin: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom=
: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style=3D"color: #000000;">During cross =
examination by Melissa Hornbein, Senior Attorney with Western Environmental=
Law Center (WELC) and co-counsel for the youth plaintiffs, Mr. Dorrington =
was asked if he would agree that the activities the DEQ permits contribute =
to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Montana. He replied affirmatively, exp=
laining that the DEQ conducts permitting activities that allow industry and=
individuals to engage in activities that emit GHG emissions. DEQ, he said,=
does not create the laws, but is tasked with implementing them.</span></p>=
<p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; =
padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 12pt; line-h=
eight: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"> </p>=20
<figure class style=3D"margin: 0 0 1rem; Margin: 0 0 1rem;">
<!--[if mso]><center><![end-if]-->
<img class=3D"align-center" src=3D"[link removed]
t.app.neoncrm.com/neon/resource/ourchildrenstrust/images/Mont_%20Day%206%20=
035.JPG" alt=3D"Mont_%20Day%206%20035.JPG" width=3D"600" align=3D"center" s=
tyle=3D"outline: none; text-decoration: none; -ms-interpolation-mode: bicub=
ic; max-width: 100%; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto; Margin: 0=
auto; float: none; text-align: center; height: auto;"><!--[if mso]></cente=
r><![end-if]-->
</figure> <p class=3D"align-center" style=3D"color: #3c4144;=
font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margi=
n: 0; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom=
: 10px; text-align: center;"><span style=3D"color: #000000; font-size: 11pt=
;"><em>Supporters cheer on the youth as they arrive at the courthouse (Phot=
o by Robin Loznak)</em></span></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family:=
Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-al=
ign: left; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-b=
ottom: 10px;"> </p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,s=
erif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left;=
font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10p=
x;"><span style=3D"color: #000000;"><span style=3D"color: #09b29d;"><span s=
tyle=3D"color: #000000;">The second witness of the day was </span><strong>S=
onja Nowakowski</strong><span style=3D"color: #000000;">, Administrator for=
the Air, Energy, and Mining Division at Montana DEQ</span></span>. Ms. Now=
akowski repeatedly stated that DEQ is not allowed to deny permits for fossi=
l fuel activities even though they are contributing to climate change and a=
re harming the environmental life support system of the youth. She also adm=
itted that DEQ could perform an analysis of the environmental impacts of gr=
eenhouse gas emissions in Montana on climate change, but that the law prohi=
bits them from doing so.</span></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family=
: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-a=
lign: left; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-=
bottom: 10px;"><span style=3D"color: #000000;">Ms. Nowakowski said, =E2=80=
=9CThe state might have to have some difficult conversations about transpor=
tation, agriculture, but fossil fuel activities are the largest contributor=
in Montana.=E2=80=9D</span></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: G=
eorgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-alig=
n: left; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bot=
tom: 10px;"> </p>=20
<figure class style=3D"margin: 0 0 1rem; Margin: 0 0 1rem;">
<!--[if mso]><center><![end-if]-->
<img class=3D"align-center" src=3D"[link removed]
t.app.neoncrm.com/neon/resource/ourchildrenstrust/images/Mont_%20Day%206%20=
046.JPG" alt=3D"Mont_%20Day%206%20046.JPG" width=3D"600" align=3D"center" s=
tyle=3D"outline: none; text-decoration: none; -ms-interpolation-mode: bicub=
ic; max-width: 100%; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto; Margin: 0=
auto; float: none; text-align: center; height: auto;"><!--[if mso]></cente=
r><![end-if]-->
</figure> <p class=3D"align-center" style=3D"color: #3c4144;=
font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margi=
n: 0; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom=
: 10px; text-align: center;"><span style=3D"color: #000000; font-size: 11pt=
;"><em>Phil Gregory, attorney for the youth plaintiffs, questions Dr. Terry=
Anderson on cross examination (Photo by Robin Loznak)</em></span></p> <p c=
lass=3D"align-left" style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; fo=
nt-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; font-size: 12pt; line-hei=
ght: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: left;">&nbs=
p;</p> <p class=3D"align-left" style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgi=
a,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; font-size: 12p=
t; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: =
left;"><span style=3D"color: #000000;">The final state witness of the day w=
as <span style=3D"color: #09b29d;"><strong>Dr. Terry Anderson</strong></spa=
n>, an economist and Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution at Stanford Un=
iversity and emeritus professor at Montana State University. He presented a=
brief testimony, answering questions from defense attorneys related to Ene=
rgy Information Administration data on GHG emissions.<br> <br>Du=
ring cross examination, Philip Gregory, Of Counsel with Our Children's Trus=
t, asked about errors in math and misinterpretation of data in Dr. Anderson=
=E2=80=99s expert report. The state initially objected, stating the questio=
n exceeded the scope. However, attorneys for the youth plaintiffs argued th=
at the cross examination went to credibility of the witness.</span></p> <p =
class=3D"align-center" style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif;=
font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; font-size: 12pt; line-=
height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;"=
><span style=3D"color: #054570; font-size: 12pt;"><strong>=E2=80=9CAre you =
going to show me the numbers are wrong?" <br>Judge Seeley asked Mr. Gregory=
.</strong></span></p> <p class=3D"align-center" style=3D"color: #3c4144; fo=
nt-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: =
0; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 1=
0px; text-align: center;"><span style=3D"color: #054570; font-size: 12pt;">=
<strong>=E2=80=9CYes, absolutely,=E2=80=9D Mr. Gregory proclaimed. =E2=80=
=9C100% wrong."</strong></span></p> <p class=3D"align-center" style=3D"colo=
r: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margi=
n: 0; Margin: 0; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Ma=
rgin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;"> </p>=20
<figure class style=3D"margin: 0 0 1rem; Margin: 0 0 1rem;">
<!--[if mso]><center><![end-if]-->
<img class=3D"align-center" src=3D"[link removed]
t.app.neoncrm.com/neon/resource/ourchildrenstrust/images/Mont_%20Day%206%20=
036.JPG" alt=3D"Mont_%20Day%206%20036.JPG" width=3D"600" align=3D"center" s=
tyle=3D"outline: none; text-decoration: none; -ms-interpolation-mode: bicub=
ic; max-width: 100%; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto; Margin: 0=
auto; float: none; text-align: center; height: auto;"><!--[if mso]></cente=
r><![end-if]-->
</figure> <p class=3D"align-center" style=3D"color: #3c4144;=
font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margi=
n: 0; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom=
: 10px; text-align: center;"><span style=3D"color: #000000; font-size: 11pt=
;"><em>Youth plaintiffs arrive for their sixth day of trial (Photo by Robin=
Loznak)</em></span></p> <p class=3D"align-left" style=3D"color: #3c4144; f=
ont-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin:=
0; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: =
10px; text-align: left;"> </p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family=
: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-a=
lign: left; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-=
bottom: 10px;"><span style=3D"color: #000000;">The State declined to call t=
o the stand its single climate science witness, Judith Curry; its only ment=
al health witness, Debra Sheppard; and a number of other government witness=
es.</span></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font=
-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size=
: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"> =
</p>=20
<figure class style=3D"margin: 0 0 1rem; Margin: 0 0 1rem;">
<!--[if mso]><center><![end-if]-->
<img class=3D"align-center" src=3D"[link removed]
t.app.neoncrm.com/neon/resource/ourchildrenstrust/images/Copy%20of%20Trial%=
20Webpage%20Blocks%20(1).png" alt=3D"Quote" width=3D"600" align=3D"center" =
style=3D"outline: none; text-decoration: none; -ms-interpolation-mode: bicu=
bic; max-width: 100%; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto; Margin: =
0 auto; float: none; text-align: center; height: auto;"><!--[if mso]></cent=
er><![end-if]-->
</figure> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,s=
erif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left;=
font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10p=
x;"> </p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font=
-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size=
: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"><span =
style=3D"color: #054570;"><strong><span style=3D"font-size: 15pt;">Trial Wi=
ll Conclude Tomorrow Morning!</span></strong></span><br><span style=3D"colo=
r: #000000;">The state is expected to rest their case in the morning, follo=
wed by closing arguments. <strong>Don=E2=80=99t miss the conclusion of this=
historic trial!</strong> Go to <span style=3D"text-decoration: underline;"=
><span style=3D"color: #09b29d; text-decoration: underline;"><strong><a sty=
le=3D"font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: inherit; padding: 0; text-al=
ign: left; line-height: 1.5; color: #09b29d; text-decoration: underline;" t=
itle=3D"bit.ly/MTClimateTrial" href=3D"[link removed]
acking/click-link/wyErfxkp-hTpS5NeUDi70_CgqZUNwos_85PG4eEHpkI=3D/38Fp3pwYC9=
AL_d-rFZXgVTykfRDGpd_AJKri5c7R8Iw=3D" target=3D"_blank" rel=3D"noopener">bi=
t.ly/MTClimateTrial</a></strong></span></span><span style=3D"color: #09b29d=
;"><strong> </strong></span>to learn how you can attend or watch LIVE.</spa=
n></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight:=
400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 12pt; =
line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"> </p> <p =
style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padd=
ing: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 12pt; line-heigh=
t: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style=3D"color: #0=
00000;">Onward,</span></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia=
,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: lef=
t; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 1=
0px;"><span style=3D"color: #000000;">The Team at Our Children=E2=80=99s Tr=
ust</span></p> <p style=3D"color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font=
-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size=
: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px;"> =
</p>=20
<table class=3D"button expanded rounded email-button mceNonE=
ditable" style=3D"border-spacing: 0; border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0;=
vertical-align: top; text-align: left; margin: 0 0 16px; Margin: 0 0 16px;=
max-width: 100%; width: 100%;">=20
<tbody>=20
<tr style=3D"padding: 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: =
left;">=20
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color: #3c4144; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; m=
argin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; b=
order-collapse: collapse;">=20
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left; max-width: 100%; width: 100%;">=20
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gn: left;">=20
<td style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; vertical-align: t=
op; font-family: Georgia,serif; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; backgroun=
d-color: #054570; color: #ffffff; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 18p=
x; font-weight: 400; line-height: 28px; text-align: center; border-radius: =
16px; border: 0 solid #054570;">
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<a class=3D"titan__email-button mceEditable" style=
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ne; display: inline-block; width: 100%; padding-left: 0; padding-right: 0; =
border-radius: 16px; color: #ffffff; padding: 8px 18px; font-size: 18px; fo=
nt-weight: 400; line-height: 28px; text-align: center; border: 0 solid #054=
570;" title=3D"DONATE TODAY AND YOUR GIFT WILL BE MATCHED!" href=3D"https:/=
/api.neonemails.com/emails/tracking/click-link/wyErfxkp-hTpS5NeUDi70_CgqZUN=
wos_85PG4eEHpkI=3D/38Fp3pwYC9AL_d-rFZXgVUCWMuzYtAKHNPPsyT_-qsE=3D" target=
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p.neoncrm.com/forms/montana" data-text=3D"DONATE TODAY AND YOUR GIFT WILL B=
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rif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margin: 0; text-align: left; =
font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 10px; Margin-bottom: 10px=
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<img class=3D"align-center" src=3D"[link removed]
t.app.neoncrm.com/neon/resource/ourchildrenstrust/images/OCT%20Icon.png" al=
t=3D"OCT%20Icon.png" width=3D"139" align=3D"center" style=3D"outline: none;=
text-decoration: none; -ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic; max-width: 100%; c=
lear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto; Margin: 0 auto; float: none; te=
xt-align: center; height: auto;"><!-- [if mso]></center><![end-if]-->
</figure>=20
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oat: none; text-align: center; height: auto;"><!-- [if mso]></center><![end=
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</figure> <p class=3D"align-center" style=3D"color: #3c4144;=
font-family: Georgia,serif; font-weight: 400; padding: 0; margin: 0; Margi=
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: 10px; text-align: center;"><span style=3D"font-size: 9pt;"><em>Copyright =
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style=3D"font-size: 9pt;">OCT is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit. EIN # 27-309=
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: collapse; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; padding: 0; position: re=
lative; width: 100%; display: table; margin: 0; Margin: 0; font-family: Geo=
rgia,serif;">=20
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If you're having trouble viewing this email, you can see it online, [link removed].
Hi friends,
Witnesses for the defense took the stand today in Held v. State of Montana!
Trial is now expected to conclude mid-morning TOMORROW!
Youth plaintiff Rikki in court next to Nate Bellinger, Senior Staff Attorney with Our Children’s Trust (Photo by Robin Loznak)
Testimony from State Witnesses
Witnesses for the state of Montana who testified today included Christopher Dorrington, Sonja Nowakowski, and Dr. Terry Anderson.
The first witness to testify was Christopher Dorrington, Director of the Montana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ). According to Mr. Dorrington, the DEQ’s role is to implement the laws of Montana regarding environmental concerns.
During cross examination by Melissa Hornbein, Senior Attorney with Western Environmental Law Center (WELC) and co-counsel for the youth plaintiffs, Mr. Dorrington was asked if he would agree that the activities the DEQ permits contribute to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Montana. He replied affirmatively, explaining that the DEQ conducts permitting activities that allow industry and individuals to engage in activities that emit GHG emissions. DEQ, he said, does not create the laws, but is tasked with implementing them.
Supporters cheer on the youth as they arrive at the courthouse (Photo by Robin Loznak)
The second witness of the day was Sonja Nowakowski, Administrator for the Air, Energy, and Mining Division at Montana DEQ. Ms. Nowakowski repeatedly stated that DEQ is not allowed to deny permits for fossil fuel activities even though they are contributing to climate change and are harming the environmental life support system of the youth. She also admitted that DEQ could perform an analysis of the environmental impacts of greenhouse gas emissions in Montana on climate change, but that the law prohibits them from doing so.
Ms. Nowakowski said, “The state might have to have some difficult conversations about transportation, agriculture, but fossil fuel activities are the largest contributor in Montana.”
Phil Gregory, attorney for the youth plaintiffs, questions Dr. Terry Anderson on cross examination (Photo by Robin Loznak)
The final state witness of the day was Dr. Terry Anderson, an economist and Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution at Stanford University and emeritus professor at Montana State University. He presented a brief testimony, answering questions from defense attorneys related to Energy Information Administration data on GHG emissions.
During cross examination, Philip Gregory, Of Counsel with Our Children's Trust, asked about errors in math and misinterpretation of data in Dr. Anderson’s expert report. The state initially objected, stating the question exceeded the scope. However, attorneys for the youth plaintiffs argued that the cross examination went to credibility of the witness.
“Are you going to show me the numbers are wrong?"
Judge Seeley asked Mr. Gregory.
“Yes, absolutely,” Mr. Gregory proclaimed. “100% wrong."
Youth plaintiffs arrive for their sixth day of trial (Photo by Robin Loznak)
The State declined to call to the stand its single climate science witness, Judith Curry; its only mental health witness, Debra Sheppard; and a number of other government witnesses.
Trial Will Conclude Tomorrow Morning!
The state is expected to rest their case in the morning, followed by closing arguments. Don’t miss the conclusion of this historic trial! Go to bit.ly/MTClimateTrial to learn how you can attend or watch LIVE.
Onward,
The Team at Our Children’s Trust
DONATE TODAY AND YOUR GIFT WILL BE MATCHED!
Copyright © 2023 Our Children's Trust. All rights reserved.
OCT is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit. EIN # 27-3094382
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