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MDAA Alert:
$20.3 Billion
February 12, 2020

(Photo: MDA FY 2021 Budget Estimates Overview)
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Dear Members and Friends,
a
$20.3 billion, the highest requested amount ever recorded in the United States history,
has been requested for missile defense and defeat for the defense of the United
States homeland, its forward deployed military forces, and its allies for fiscal
year (FY) 2021. Driven by the implementation of the National Defense Strategy that
acknowledged a return to great power competition against the threats of China and
Russia, and coupled with the defense from rouge states of Iran and North Korea,
there is a new reality for the proliferation and use of missiles (ballistic, hypersonic,
and cruise) to project power.
"Our missile defeat and defense investment promotes an expanded layered defense
architecture that is flexible and adaptable and leverages space technology. The
$20.3 billion missile defense budget includes $9.2 billion for the Missile Defense
Agency, $7.9 billion in regional and strategic missile defense capabilities outside
of MDA, and $3.2 billion in missile defeat or left-of-launch activities. Notable
investments include development of the next-generation interceptor to replace the
aging ground-based interceptor; doubling hypersonic defense investment, which includes
hypersonic and ballistic tracking space sensor; the prototype development and increasing
capability and capacity of existing interceptors in a layered approach." - Vice
Admiral Ron Boxall, Director of Force Structure, Resources and Assessment, Joint
Staff, at the Pentagon on February 10, 2020.
In this significant $20 billion investment is the introduction of force functioning
the near-peers of China and Russia to redirect their national capital in funding
to defend their missile forces and rethink their investments of missiles that will
be challenged and negated by U.S. layered and flexible defense systems. The integration
of left of launch capabilities, with space capabilities, and a layered cross-domain
regional and U.S. homeland defenses connected by the joint all-domain command &
control (JADC2) presents the new defensive-offensive deterrent that will change
investment, calculus, and deterrence from Russia, China, and rouge nations.
As the United States sets its quest for the best defense of its homeland with the
existing 44 Ground-Based Interceptors (GBIs) and a close to $5 billion future years
defense program (FYDP) investment on the next generation interceptor (NGI), projected
to be tested and deployed by the late 2020s, the Missile Defense Agency (MDA) will
be leading the underlayer of Aegis and the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD)
to be deployed for increased defense of the U.S. homeland prior to the deployment
of the NGIs. Aegis ballistic missile defense (BMD) and its Standard Missile-3 (SM-3)
Block IIA interceptor, which the production of six additional missiles is requested
for FY21 will be tested against an Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) later
this year, will enable a ship-based underlayer capability off the coasts of the
United States next year. Added to this layer could be a future Aegis Ashore America
(AAA) of deploying Aegis Ashore sites, or a disaggregated version with remote launchers
and remote sensors, on the U.S. homeland and territories.
THAAD will also be a lower-end of the underlayer since, as stated by MDA Director
Vice Admiral Hill [[link removed]],
"It's in a trade space -- it's an engineering trade space today. The -- the -- one
of the reasons why THAAD is such an attractive weapon to use against ICBMs -- and
we haven't gone against those yet, by the way, right, so that -- that system wasn't
designed for that but we know there's capability within that weapons system -- total
weapons system and within the missile itself."
THAAD has a validated inherent capability to intercept ICBMs and was previously
deployed operationally in Kauai at the Pacific Missile Range Facility (PMRF) to
defend Hawaii in 2009 from North Korean ICBMs [[link removed]].
THAAD, unlike any other missile defense system, uses the threat missile's re-entry
into the atmosphere as a natural discriminator to strip off countermeasures. There
are currently seven THAAD batteries - five based in Texas and three deployed to
South Korea, Guam, and Saudi Arabia - and 584 THAAD interceptors purchased, with
an additional 41 interceptors requested in the FY21 budget proposal. Coupled with
the completion of the Joint Emergent Operational Need (JEON) for the Korean Peninsula
in FY21, which provides a remote fire capability of THAAD interceptors and launchers
within a THAAD battery to greatly expand the defended area of the systems. The THAAD
capability and capacity could be deployed in the underlayer defense of the homeland
quickly if the threat required it beyond the 44 existing GBIs. Current developments
to this underlayer include additional booster stack to THAAD interceptors to provide
it an extended range. The current Saudi Arabia Foreign Military Sales (FMS) of seven
THAAD batteries and interceptors reduces the costs of the interceptors as well as
sensors and enables funding for development of the system that would apply to U.S.
homeland defense.

What is glaringly missing from the $20.3 billion investment in missile defense for
the FY21 request are three critical systems that reduce risk and best fill the gaps
of capability and capacity for the next decade against current and growing threats.

1. Hawaii long range discrimination radar to best defend Hawaii.
2. Land-based 360 degree cruise missile defense (subsonic, supersonic, and hypersonic)
interceptors and integrated overhead sensors for forward operating bases.
3. Allocated operational MQ-9 Reapers/UAV with missile sensors and interceptors
for persistent overhead sensors and boost phase intercepts.

Below is a breakdown of the DOD budget for missile defeat and defense (MDD).
The FY 2021 budget request includes $20.3 billion for MDD, which includes $9.2 billion
for the Missile Defense Agency (MDA), $7.9 billion in regional and strategic missile
defense capabilities outside of MDA, and $3.2 billion in missile defeat or left-of-launch
activities.
For U.S. missile defense capabilities, the MDA [[link removed]]
FY 2021 [[link removed]]
budget request [[link removed]]
is $9.2 billion:

* Begins new Next Generation Interceptor (NGI) All-Up Round (AUR) competition to
develop homeland defense interceptor capability and capacity and will increase
current fleet size to 64 as early as the end of the decade.
* Leverages existing architectures and regional defense systems to demonstrate complementary
homeland defense underlay capabilities. If the demonstrations are successful, homeland
defense underlay systems could begin fielding as early as 2025.
* Supports the U.S. Forces Korea (USFK) to improve missile defense capability on
the Korean peninsula.
* Supports Hypersonic Defense and continues to assess architecture alternatives
and provide recommendations for Regional Glide Phase Weapon System missile defense
configurations to keep pace with evolving threats. DoD will pursue hypersonic threat
defense weapon systems and leverage and upgrade existing systems while developing
and maturing component technologies that augment hypersonic defense architectures.
* Matures advanced component technology against ballistic targets and advanced threats
to improve weapon system performance and operational utility.
* Continues, in alignment with the United States Navy, to support and operate the
Aegis Ashore site in Romania and deployment of a second site in Poland, as an integral
part of NATO's Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) architecture.
* Continues increasing BMD capability and capacity of the Aegis Fleet and procures
34 Standard Missile-3 (SM-3) Block IB missiles to be deployed on Aegis BMD ships
and at Aegis Ashore Sites as part of a Multiyear Procurement; continues the integration
of the SM-3 Block IIA into the Aegis BMD Weapon Systems; procures six SM-3 Block
IIA missiles to contribute to defense against longer-range and more complex threats;
ensures the maturation of the manufacturing process; and continues development of
the Sea Based Terminal capability to protect the Fleet and forces ashore.
* Provides funding for Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) development efforts
and software upgrades such as implementation of flexible threat packages and defense
planning, improved capability to engage SRBM, MRBM, and limited IRBM threats and
integration of the THAAD Battery capability into the Army's Integrated Air and
Missile Defense Battle Command System (IBCS) planning process. The THAAD budget
request also includes funding for the procurement of 41 THAAD Interceptors in FY
2021 as well as for operating support to maintain and upkeep BMD System-unique
items of fielded THAAD Batteries and for training devices.
* Provides funding to perform the systems engineering required to design, build,
test, assess, and field the integrated MDS.
* Provides funding to execute a comprehensive, highly integrated, complex, cost-effective
series of flight tests, ground tests, cybersecurity tests, wargames, and exercises
to ensure that MDS capabilities are credibly demonstrated and validated prior to
delivery to the Warfighter.
* Continues support for Israeli Cooperative BMD Programs, to include United States
funding for the Iron Dome system to defeat short-range missiles and rockets and
co-development and co-production of the David's Sling Weapon System and Arrow-3
System.
Outside of MDA, the Department invested nearly $7.9 billion in regional and strategic
missile defense capabilities:

* Air Force and Space Force investments total $2.7 billion to upgrade and sustain
strategic and tactical warning and tracking systems. These investments include the
Next Generation Overhead Persistent Infrared to track ballistic and hypersonic threats,
Upgraded Early Warning Radars, and Wide Area Surveillance in the National Capital
Region.
* Army investments total $2.8 billion, bolstering regional missile defense capability.
These investments include procuring 168 PAC-3/MSE missiles in FY 2021 and fielding
the Lower Tier Air and Missile Defense System planned urgent materials release by
FY 2022 and four Maneuver Short Range Air Defense battalions by FY 2023.
* Navy investments total $2.0 billion, focusing on ship-based defense for regional
and strategic threats. These investments include Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense
Weapon System, Standard Missile procurement for cruise, ballistic, and hypersonic
missile defense, and E-2D Hawkeye sensor capabilities.
* Space Development Agency (SDA) missile defense investments total $99.6 million
in FY 2021 to develop and demonstrate a hypersonic tracking layer by FY 2023. In
addition, SDA is developing a data Transport Layer that will enhance several mission
areas to include missile defense.
Finally, the Department invested $3.2 billion for left-of-launch capabilities involving
cyber and hypersonic strike.
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Respectfully,
Riki Ellison
Chairman and Founder
Missile Defense Advocacy Alliance
Click Here to Join MDAA [[link removed]]
MDAA is a non-profit, non-partisan tax-exempt 501(c) (4) organization. Our mission
is to make the world safer by advocating for the development and deployment of missile
defense systems to defend the United States and its allies against missile threats.
We are a membership-funded organization that does not advocate on behalf of any
specific system, technology, architecture or entity. Founded in 2002, MDAA is the
only organization in existence whose primary mission is to recruit, organize, and
mobilize proponents to advocate for the critical need of missile defense. Visit
our website www.missiledefenseadvocacy.org [[link removed]]
for more information.
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515 King Street, Suite 330
Alexandria, VA 22134
Phone: (703) 299-0060
Email: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]]
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