Today's Brew highlights a Pennsylvania constitutional amendment that changes how state voters select the Lieutenant Governor + our newest Learning Journey
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Welcome to the Friday, Jan. 31, Brew. Here’s what’s in store for you as you start your day:

* Pennsylvania voters may decide constitutional amendment that changes how lieutenant governor nominees are selected
* Take our latest Learning Journey on executive reorganization authority
* What’s the Tea?

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** PENNSYLVANIA VOTERS MAY DECIDE CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT THAT CHANGES HOW LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR NOMINEES ARE SELECTED
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Pennsylvania lawmakers gave their first of two constitutionally required approvals to an amendment that would allow gubernatorial candidates to pick their running mates.

Currently, candidates for governor and lieutenant governor run in separate primaries for their party's nomination but run on a joint ticket in the general election. The proposed amendment would enable gubernatorial candidates to select a lieutenant governor in a manner similar to how presidential candidates select their running mates.

In 26 states, gubernatorial and lieutenant gubernatorial candidates appear on the same ticket as running mates. In 18 of those states, gubernatorial candidates select their running mates either before or after the primary. PENNSYLVANIA IS ONE OF EIGHT STATES IN WHICH THE LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR IS NOMINATED IN A SEPARATE PRIMARY BUT RUNS ON A SINGLE TICKET WITH THE GUBERNATORIAL NOMINEE IN THE GENERAL ELECTION. In 17 states, the lieutenant governor is elected separately from the governor.

The state Senate approved the amendment 46-3. The state House approved it 130-67, with 105 Republicans and 25 Democrats voting in favor and 66 Democrats and one Republican voting against. A simple majority vote was required for passage in each chamber.

Because the Pennsylvania Constitution requires the legislature to approve an amendment during two successive legislative sessions, the legislature will need to adopt the amendment again during the 2021-2022 session for it to appear on the ballot. If it is approved and appears on the ballot in 2021, it could be in effect for the 2022 gubernatorial election.

Since 1981, voters in Pennsylvanians have approved all 26 constitutional amendments placed on the ballot by the legislature.
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** TAKE OUR LATEST LEARNING JOURNEY ON EXECUTIVE REORGANIZATION AUTHORITY
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Today we’re launching our fourth new Learning Journey this month—after our previous ones on executive control in the administrative state, executive appointment and removal power, and the civil service. If you’ve had the chance to take all three you’re on a roll! Let’s keep that going. (And catch up on those other recently released journeys here ([link removed]) .)

Our newest Learning Journey is on the executive branch's powers with regard to reorganizing federal agencies. Executive control of administrative agencies is one of five pillars key to understanding the administrative state.

The president has the independent authority to reorganize federal agencies within existing statutory limits. However, Congress must delegate reorganization authority in order for the president to implement statutory changes to federal agencies.

OUR LEARNING JOURNEY WILL GUIDE YOU THROUGH THE STATUS OF EXECUTIVE REORGANIZATION POWERS, THE PRIMARY ASSERTIONS IN THE DEBATE OVER THE DIVISION OF AUTHORITY BETWEEN CONGRESS AND THE PRESIDENT, AND AN OVERVIEW OF REORGANIZATION EFFORTS.

If you’ve never taken one of our Learning Journeys before, here’s how they work.

We send you a series of emails with information, examples, and exercises to help you understand the concept. This helps break complicated concepts into smaller and more interesting pieces of information that are easier to follow and fun to read.

You can also set how frequently you receive these messages—daily, weekly, or in-between. And along the way, you’ll be able to contact us with any questions and comments you may have. They’re a great way to learn and they’re also _FREE_! Click the link below to get started.

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The Iowa caucuses are Monday, Feb. 3—the first of four nominating contests in the month. New Hampshire is up next on Feb. 11, then the Nevada caucuses are Feb. 22, and South Carolina's primary rounds out the voting on Feb. 29.

Twelve elected officials and notable public figures are running in the Democratic primary for president. Joe Biden, Bernie Sanders, Elizabeth Warren, Pete Buttigieg, and Michael Bloomberg have been in the top 5 in the Real Clear Politics national polling average over the past 30 days.

So for this week’s question, we decided to ask Brew readers: IN THE FOUR DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL NOMINATING EVENTS IN FEBRUARY, HOW MANY DIFFERENT WINNERS WILL THERE BE?

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